Alkaliphiles: The Versatile Tools in Biotechnology

Mamo, Gashaw; Mattìasson, Bo

doi:10.1007/10_2020_126

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…However, industrially important alkaliphilic enzymes like proteases, cellulases, lipases, and amylases are commonly obtained from Bacillus sp. (Fujinami and Fujisawa 2010;Mamo and Mattiasson 2020). Alkaliphilic α-amylases are extensively used in the detergent industry (Fujinami and Fujisawa 2010;Sarethy et al 2011).…”

Section: Alkaliphilic α-Amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

2022

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Maintaining stable native conformation of a protein under a given ecological condition is the prerequisite for survival of organisms. Extremophilic bacteria and archaea have evolved to adapt under extreme conditions of temperature, pH, salt, and pressure. Molecular adaptations of proteins under these conditions are essential for their survival. These organisms have the capability to maintain stable, native conformations of proteins under extreme conditions. The enzymes produced by the extremophiles are also known as extremozyme, which are used in several industries. Stability and functionality of extremozymes under varying temperature, pH, and solvent conditions are the most desirable requirement of industry. α-Amylase is one of the most important enzymes used in food, pharmaceutical, textile, and detergent industries. This enzyme is produced by diverse microorganisms including various extremophiles. Therefore, understanding its stability is important from fundamental as well as an applied point of view. Each class of extremophiles has a distinctive set of dominant non-covalent interactions which are important for their stability. Static information obtained by comparative analysis of amino acid sequence and atomic resolution structure provides information on the prevalence of particular amino acids or a group of non-covalent interactions. Protein folding studies give the information about thermodynamic and kinetic stability in order to understand dynamic aspect of molecular adaptations. In this review, we have summarized information on amino acid sequence, structure, stability, and adaptability of α-amylases from different classes of extremophiles.

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Section: Alkaliphilic α-Amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

2022

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“…Fungi growing at extreme pH values are of scientific interest for the general study of fungal adaptive evolution, as well as for the evaluation of their potential in producing commercially valuable substances. Obviously, fungi adapting to alkalinity must have metabolic pathways that have become modified with respect to those seen in related neutrophilic fungi [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 9 , 60 ]. Alkaliphilic Sodiomyces species are fundamentally different from alkali-tolerant ones in terms of their mechanisms of adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extremophiles are a unique group of microorganisms capable of producing numerous bioactive compounds [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Alkaliphiles are extremophiles whose optimum rate of growth is at a high pH (9 to 11) [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Hydrophobin, Sa-HFB1, with Antifungal Activity from an Alkaliphilic Fungus, Sodiomyces alkalinus

Куварина¹,

Рогожин

Sykonnikov³

et al. 2022

JoF

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The adaptations that alkaliphilic microorganisms have developed due to their extreme habitats promote the production of active natural compounds with the potential to control microorganisms, causing infections associated with healthcare. The primary purpose of this study was to isolate and identify a hydrophobin, Sa-HFB1, from an alkaliphilic fungus, Sodiomyces alkalinus. A potential antifungal effect against pathogenic and opportunistic fungi strains was determined. The MICs of Sa-HFB1 against opportunistic and clinical fungi ranged from 1 to 8 µg/mL and confirmed its higher activity against both non- and clinical isolates. The highest level of antifungal activity (MIC 1 µg/mL) was demonstrated for the clinical isolate Cryptococcus neoformans 297 m. The hydrophobin Sa-HFB1 may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of S. alkalinus, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds, meaning that it can be developed as an antifungal drug candidate.

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“…The concentration of LA produced by alkaliphilic strains was higher than that produced by the non-alkaliphilic counterparts. Alkalophilic microorganisms enriched the LA fermentation strain resources and provided a new idea for the development of new LA fermentation and separation coupling fermentation process [56].…”

Section: Strategies For Clean Fermentation Technology Of Lactic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Recent Developments in the Bioproduction of Polylactic Acid and Its Precursors Optically Pure Lactic Acids

Huang

Xue

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Lactic acid (LA) is an important organic acid with broad industrial applications. Considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based plastic with a wide range of applications, polylactic acid has generated a great deal of interest and therefore the demand for optically pure l- or d-lactic acid has increased accordingly. Microbial fermentation is the industrial route for LA production. LA bacteria and certain genetic engineering bacteria are widely used for LA production. Although some fungi, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are not natural LA producers, they have recently received increased attention for LA production because of their acid tolerance. The main challenge for LA bioproduction is the high cost of substrates. The development of LA production from cost-effective biomasses is a potential solution to reduce the cost of LA production. This review examined and discussed recent progress in optically pure l-lactic acid and optically pure d-lactic acid fermentation. The utilization of inexpensive substrates is also focused on. Additionally, for PLA production, a complete biological process by one-step fermentation from renewable resources is also currently being developed by metabolically engineered bacteria. We also summarize the strategies and procedures for metabolically engineering microorganisms producing PLA. In addition, there exists some challenges to efficiently produce PLA, therefore strategies to overcome these challenges through metabolic engineering combined with enzyme engineering are also discussed.

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Alkaliphiles: The Versatile Tools in Biotechnology

Cited by 14 publications

References 237 publications

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Hydrophobin, Sa-HFB1, with Antifungal Activity from an Alkaliphilic Fungus, Sodiomyces alkalinus

A Review of the Recent Developments in the Bioproduction of Polylactic Acid and Its Precursors Optically Pure Lactic Acids

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