Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of atmospheric aerosols in five locations of Nanjing urban area, China

Analysis of PAHs Associated with Particulate Matter PM2.5 in Two Places at the City of Cuernavaca, Morelos, México

“…This value is lower than that reported for Nanging, China, (7.1 ng·m −3 ) [6] and Zonguldak, Turkey (14.1 ng·m −3 ) [32]. However, it was higher than that found in Hamilton, Canada (0.84 ng·m −3 ) [33] and in Florence, Italy (0.92 ng·m −3 ) [34].…”

“…The average total concentration in Cuernavaca (24.0 ng·m −3 , Σ15 PAHs) was similar to that reported in Taichung, China (22.29 ng·m −3 , Σ15 PAHs) [13] and in Seoul, Korea (26.14 ng·m −3 , Σ14 PAHs) [14]. It was lower than that reported for Nanjing (62.58 ng·m −3 , Σ15 PAHs) [6] and Jinzhou, China (190.86 ng·m −3 , Σ13 PAHs) [15]. All these places have the characteristic of being large urban areas with high vehicular activity.…”

“…PAHs are produced by incomplete combustion and pyrolysis of fossil fuels such as oil and coal, and from other organic materials from natural and anthropogenic sources [4][5][6], including vehicle emissions, wood burning, waste incineration, coke production, and metal production [7][8][9].…”

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric PM2.5 and PM10 at a coal-based industrial city: Implication for PAH control at industrial agglomeration regions, China

“…BaPeq concentration for each PAHs is calculated by multiplying its concentration with the corresponding toxic equivalent factor (TEF) which represents the relative carcinogenic potency of the corresponding PAHs suggested by Nisbet and LaGoy's TEFs which have been widely used (Nielsen et al, 1996;Chang et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2006;Hong et al, 2007;Akyüz and Çabuk, 2008). The carcinogenic potency of total PAHs can be assessed by the sum of the BaPeq concentrations of each PAHs.…”

“…Recently, lots of studies have been conducted to investigate atmospheric PAH levels and sources in different cities around the world including urban sites (Guo et al, 2003;Bourotte et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2006Tan et al, , 2011Wang et al, 2006Wang et al, , 2008Kume et al, 2007;Li et al, 2009Li et al, , 2014Kong et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2012;Martellini et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013), industry/traffic sites (Manti et al, 2005;Hong et al, 2007), harbor sites , farm area (Fang et al, 2005) and residential area separately and the PAH levels exhibit wide ranges in these studies. Some measurements are conducted to compare the differences of PAH levels in different function zones in urban areas (Lodovici et al, 2003;Kong et al, 2010).…”