Alignment between Quality Enforcement Devices and Governance Structures in the Agro-food Vertical Chains

Raynaud, Emmanuel; Sauvée, Loïc; Valceschini, Egizio

doi:10.1007/s10997-005-1571-1

Cited by 133 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the EU market, consumers infer a higher quality from products with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). As a result, well-established PDOs represent valuable assets for farmers and have to be protected (Raynaud et al, 2005;Traversac et al, 2011).…”

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Quality management and contractual incompleteness: grape procurement for high-end wines in Argentina

Codron

Étienne

Rousset

2013

Journal on Chain and Network Science

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Sourcing grapes from independent growers for use in top quality wines sold on the international market is a major organisational challenge for corporate wineries. Our paper adds to the small existing literature addressing these coordination issues in the New World wine sector, by going deeper into the specifics of the contracts, as well as the "transaction cost economising" argument. Based on a case-study carried out in the Argentine province of Mendoza, this article presents an in-depth analysis of the technical process, in order to identify the contractual hazards posed by asset specificity, measurement costs, and non-contractible actions. Drawing on contract completion and dual sourcing literature, it analyses the contractual and non contractual mechanisms (price incentives, grower monitoring, allocation of decision rights to the winery, role of backward integration into production) used to govern such grape transactions. Through our analysis, we were able to arrive at four main conclusions. Firstly, most agreements are still verbal, with the exception of occasional written contracts, limited to a few legal provisions. It became clear to us that this approach to forging agreements is not always adequate in managing the inherently complex interactions between grape varieties, soil, farming practices and wine-making processes in high-end wine production. Secondly, extensive decision rights are allocated to wineries, to deal with incompleteness. These are key decisions to be taken during the cropping and harvesting process. Thirdly, pricing is generally kept flexible, with grape prices negotiated ex-post. This means that trade imbalances tend to be resolved in the long term. Winegrowers also benefit from financial rewards to compensate for allocations. Finally, any potential opportunistic behaviour by wineries with regards to asset specificity (in particular yield limitation) and allocation of rights is kept at bay by mechanisms such as winery reputations and credit third-party guaranty. This type of behaviour by growers is similarly deterred through monitoring and vineyard ownership on the part of the wineries.

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confidence: 99%

Quality management and contractual incompleteness: grape procurement for high-end wines in Argentina

Codron

Étienne

Rousset

2013

Journal on Chain and Network Science

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“…External barriers are the lack of international reputation among consumers (Bureau -Valceschini 2003), and increasing competition among GIs and other labels signaling other intangible attributes that infringe on geographical name property rights (Barjolle -Sylvander 2002;Parrott et al 2002;Ilbert -Petit 2009). There is also the rising competition of any other individual brand using location as a quality label (Raynaud et al 2005). Internal barriers refer to the risk of hazards and selling products below the jointly established quality standard (Moschini et al 2008).…”

Section: Internal and External Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An external barrier is the increasing competition of any other individual brand using location as a quality label (Raynaud et al 2005;) and competitiveness nowadays is high. As market actors need to identify their products, there are many different value-added labels on the agro-food market.…”

Section: Hungaricumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The apricot story: Patterns in a local circular food chain in North Hungary

Miklós¹

2017

Soc Ec

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Using a case study, this paper examines how EU standards of geographical indications (GIs) can integrate into Hungarian socio-embodied patterns. It uses apricots from the underdeveloped Gönc region of Hungary as an example, defined in the EU GI context as a local resource of cultural identity. The collective memory as a cultural heritage of the Gönc region is examined in relation to products and services that have existed for generations. The aim of this paper is to provide evidence that without geographical circulation, exchange, and appropriation of products, the associated knowledge of innovation strategies, innovation capabilities, and the market outcomes of firms in the food industry does not provide absorptive capacity. It suggests that innovative responses to existing isolated economic services could provide coherence among the three pillars of sustainability, given policy and institutional innovations designed to foster innovation and expand markets.

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“…Cet accord serait aussi capable de déclencher ou de renforcer la collaboration et la coordination des acteurs dans le système local de production (Fournier, 2008). Une fois que l'IG est enregistrée, le cahier des charges joue le rôle d'une institution au sens de Ménard (2003), c'est-à-dire « un ensemble de règles durables, stables, abstraites et impersonnelles » (Ménard, 2003, p. 206) qui nécessitent des dispositifs d'accompagnement pour les rendre effectives, tels que les mécanismes d'« enforcement » légal (application de la protection sur le marché) ou les groupements d'utilisateurs de l'IG (Cañada et Vázquez, 2005 ;Raynaud et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Échapper au piège « qualité–exclusion » dans les indications géographiques : réflexions sur le cas du poivre de Penja

2016

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Résumé -La protection des indications géographiques (IG) est considérée dans les pays en développement comme une façon de valoriser les produits d'origine et de renforcer les systèmes agroalimentaires localisés en améliorant l'accès au marché des petits producteurs. La démarche d'enregistrement des IG va au-delà de la lutte contre les usurpations des noms géographiques et peut contribuer à modifier le fonctionnement de la filière. En effet, l'enregistrement suppose l'accord des producteurs sur un cahier des charges qui définit les caractéristiques-clés du produit et du processus de production et délimite la zone de production. Cependant, les effets positifs de la protection sont souvent menacés, en particulier dans les pays du Sud, par ce que nous appelons le « piège qualité-exclusion » : la recherche d'une meilleure qualité du produit peut provoquer l'exclusion des producteurs les plus faibles ; à l'inverse, éviter toute exclusion peut conduire à un cahier des charges trop vague ou un système de contrôle trop laxiste, ce qui rendra l'IG inefficace. Nous analysons comment ce dilemme peut être géré pour améliorer l'accès des petits producteurs au marché en examinant le cas du poivre de Penja (Cameroun), enregistré en 2013 et devenu la première IG protégée dans la zone de l'Organisation africaine de la propriété intellectuelle (OAPI). Nos résultats montrent que pour garder tant l'équité que l'efficacité de la protection des IG, il est nécessaire d'accompagner la protection juridique par des actions et des politiques appropriées. Les aspects critiques sont l'élaboration d'un cahier des charges et d'un système de contrôle rigoureux, mais aussi capables de minimiser les règles difficiles à atteindre, et la fourniture de services capables de favoriser l'accès aux IG des producteurs les plus faibles.Mots clés : produits d'origine / accès au marché / petits agriculteurs / action collective / Cameroun Abstract -Escaping the "quality-exclusion" trap in building geographical indications: some reflexions from the Penja pepper case. The protection of geographical indications (GI) is considered in developing countries as a powerful tool for supporting origin products and for strengthening local agrifood production systems by improving farmers' market access. GI protection may have several effects that go far beyond the fight against misuses of the geographical name and can stimulate a new organisation and functioning of the supply chain. Indeed, the GI protection requires an agreement of producers on a Code of practices that specifies the production area, the process and product characteristics, and on an appropriate control system. However, GI protection positive effects are often threatened, especially in the context of Southern countries, by what we call "quality-exclusion trap". In fact, searching for a better product qualification can cause the exclusion of less empowered producers. On the contrary, when the Code of practices and the control systems are too flexible, the GI scheme may be inefficient. The paper aims to an...

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Alignment between Quality Enforcement Devices and Governance Structures in the Agro-food Vertical Chains

Cited by 133 publications

References 34 publications

Quality management and contractual incompleteness: grape procurement for high-end wines in Argentina

Quality management and contractual incompleteness: grape procurement for high-end wines in Argentina

The apricot story: Patterns in a local circular food chain in North Hungary

Échapper au piège « qualité–exclusion » dans les indications géographiques : réflexions sur le cas du poivre de Penja

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