Alcohol-impaired driving among U.S. adults, 1993–2002

Quinlan, Kyran; Brewer, Robert D.; Siegel, Paul Z.; Sleet, David A.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Shults, Ruth A.; Flowers, Nicole T.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.006

Cited by 115 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Each year, there are an estimated 160 million incidents of DWI, resulting in more than 17,000 deaths. An estimated 3 of every 10 Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash in their lifetime (National Highway Traffi c Safety Administration, 2004;Quinlan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Riving While Intoxicated (Dwi) Is a Major Public Health Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Timko¹,

Desai²,

Blonigen³

et al. 2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: This study examined associations between frequency of driving while intoxicated (DWI) at baseline and obtaining alcohol-related help at follow-up, and between obtaining help and subsequent reductions in DWI. It also examined improvements on personal functioning and life context indices as mediators between obtaining help and reduced occurrences of DWI. Method: A total of 628 individuals who were initially untreated for alcohol use problems completed a baseline inventory; follow-ups were 1, 3, and 16 years later. Results: More extended participation in outpatient treatment and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) during Year 1 was associated with a lower likelihood of DWI at the 1-year follow-up. More extended participation in AA through Year 3 was associated with a lower likelihood of DWI at the 16-year follow-up. Improvement on personal functioning and life context indices was associated with reduced risk of subsequent occurrences of DWI. Decreases in drinking-related problems, impulsivity, and drinking to reduce tension mediated associations between more AA participation and reductions in DWI at 1 year. Conclusions: Among initially untreated individuals, sustained mutual help may be associated with a reduced number of occurrences of DWI via fewer drinking consequences and improved psychological functioning and coping. Treatment providers should attend to these concomitants of DWI and consider actively referring individuals to AA to ensure ongoing AA affi liation. The majority of studies of DWI have focused on community samples or samples of people arrested and convicted for DWI who were mandated to treatment. In contrast, we examined DWI in a sample of individuals who, at entry into the study, had initiated help seeking but were untreated for alcohol use problems; these individuals were followed for 16 years. Compared with non-help-seeking community samples, these help seekers likely have more severe alcohol-related dysfunction (George and Tucker, 1996;Tucker, 1995) but also more recognition of their alcohol misuse, motivation to change, and commitment to abstinence (Timko et al., 1994). However, compared with individuals reporting previous treatment for alcohol use disorders, these individuals likely have less severe alcohol-related dysfunction but also less motivation to change and commitment to abstinence (LoCastro et al., 2008). Thus, in the context of previous studies of DWI, we examined a sample that, by virtue of seeking help for the fi rst time, was unique in terms of severity of alcoholrelated disorder and motivation to change.To examine the behavior of DWI, this study used the conceptual framework developed by Moos and colleagues (Moos and Finney, 1983;Moos et al., 1990b) and adopted by other investigators (e.g., Buri et al., 2007) to examine the context of alcohol-related outcomes (Figure 1). The framework suggests that there is an association between (a) the individual's functioning and life context (e.g., severity of alcohol misuse, psychological symptoms, negative life events, social su...

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Section: Riving While Intoxicated (Dwi) Is a Major Public Health Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Timko¹,

Desai²,

Blonigen³

et al. 2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…5 Other studies in Brazil showed that knowledge about legislation and belief on its enforcement are low, as well as the subjects' risk perception for DUI. 6,7 Many factors have already been associated with DUI: being male, 8,9 being young (between 20 and 30 years of age), 8 having been a passenger of a DUI driver, [10][11][12] starting to drink at an early age, 13,14 binge drinking, [15][16][17] low perception of punishment [18][19][20] and low perception of the chances of being involved in a traffic accident. 21 The association between DUI and these predictors has not yet been systematically studied in Brazilian samples, and only few studies have been recently conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, ter tido acidente prévio com beber e dirigir (OR = 7,9; IC95% 2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)9), ter tido "consumo excessivo episódico" no ultimo ano (OR = 2,2; IC95% 1,(3)(4)5) e ter uma opinião desfavorável sobre políticas públicas (OR = 2,9; IC95% 1,(4)(5)(6)2) 2 Numbers of such magnitude have been repetitive, since policies against drinking and driving have not been regularly enforced. Recently, the government has passed a "zero tolerance" law related to drinking and driving that still needs time to show the effects of its implementation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly reported prevalence of drinking and driving in Brazil: data from the first representative household study

Pechansky

Boni

Diemen

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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(OR = 6,0; IC95% 2,(9)(10)(11)(12)6), ter tido acidente prévio com beber e dirigir (OR = 7,9; IC95% 2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)9), ter tido "consumo excessivo episódico" no ultimo ano (OR = 2,2; IC95% 1,(3)(4)5) e ter uma opinião desfavorável sobre políticas públicas (OR = 2,9; IC95% 1,(4)(5)(6)2) 2 Numbers of such magnitude have been repetitive, since policies against drinking and driving have not been regularly enforced. Recently, the government has passed a "zero tolerance" law related to drinking and driving that still needs time to show the effects of its implementation.* Among Brazilian men between the ages of 15 and 34, traffic accidents are the second leading cause of death, only surpassed by homicides.

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“…Segundo o mesmo estudo, 82 milhões de viagens automotivas, ou 10% das viagens, envolveram motoristas alcoolizados. Quinlan et al (2005) (Hingson et al, 2005). Um estudo nacional nos EUA, sobre o beber entre estudantes de ensino superior (Wechsler et al, 2002), constatou o aumento da prevalência de DEA entre 1993 e 1997, de 31,6% para 35,8%.…”

Section: áLcool E Direçãounclassified

Prevenção do dirigir sob efeito de álcool entre estudantes de medicina

Amaral¹

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Alcohol-impaired driving among U.S. adults, 1993–2002

Cited by 115 publications

References 19 publications

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Driving While Intoxicated Among Individuals Initially Untreated for Alcohol Use Disorders: One- and Sixteen-Year Follow-Ups

Highly reported prevalence of drinking and driving in Brazil: data from the first representative household study

Prevenção do dirigir sob efeito de álcool entre estudantes de medicina

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