Highly reported prevalence of drinking and driving in Brazil: data from the first representative household study

Pechansky, Flávio; Boni, Raquel Brandini De; Diemen, Lísia von; Bumaguin, Daniela Benzano; Pinsky, Ilana; Zaleski, Marcos; Caetano, Raúl; Laranjeira, Ronaldo

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462009000200008

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…3 The first roadside surveys carried out in Brazil have shed light on the wide discrepancies found with regard to the prevalence of drinking and driving (or driving under the influence of alcohol, DUI), ranging from 5 to 40%. [4][5][6][7] Discrepancies notwithstanding, these studies have confirmed international findings highlighting the key role of young, male drivers who consume alcohol in binges as those individuals who are more likely to drive under the influence of alcohol, a behavior that increases the chance of TCs. 8 In an attempt to reduce TCs in Brazil, a new legislation was approved in 2008 (Federal Law 11.705/08, amended December 2012).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Have drivers at alcohol outlets changed their behavior after the new traffic law?

Boni

Pechansky

Bastos

2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: In an attempt to reduce high levels of traffic crashes, a new legislation was approved in Brazil in 2008. This study aimed to assess behavioral change among drivers who had drunk at alcohol outlets (AO) after implementation of the law. Method: A three-stage probability sampling survey was conducted in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Individuals seen leaving AOs after drinking were approached (n=3,018). Selected drivers (n=683) answered a structured interview, were breathalyzed, and had saliva specimens collected for drug screening. Results: Overall, 60.3% (SE 4.5) of drivers reported they did not change their behavior. Among those who reported behavioral changes, most reported drinking less as their main strategy toward safer driving behavior. Variables independently associated with behavior change included having drunk at a high outlet density area (odds ratio [OR] 1.7 [1.1-2.8]) and having a favorable opinion about the law (OR 4.3 [2.1-8.9]). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that awareness of the law has not been enough to promote behavioral change. As most drivers had a favorable opinion of the law and this variable was found to be the strongest predictor of behavior change, efforts to better integrate education and enforcement seem to be pivotal and might be well received by the population.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Have drivers at alcohol outlets changed their behavior after the new traffic law?

Boni

Pechansky

Bastos

2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…The first Brazilian National Alcohol Survey (BNAS) is a nationally representative sample of 3007 Portuguesespeaking household residents in urban and rural areas aged 14 or older (Pechansky et al, 2009). The study was conducted between November 2005 and April 2006.…”

Section: Sample and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD in a representative sample of the Brazilian population: estimated prevalence and comparative adequacy of criteria between adolescents and adults according to the item response theory

Polanczyk

Laranjeira

Zaleski

et al. 2010

Int J Methods Psych Res

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Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a clinically significant disorder in adulthood, but current diagnostic criteria and instruments do not seem to adequately capture the complexity of the disorder in this developmental phase. Accordingly, there are limited data on the proportion of adults affected by the disorder, specially in developing countries. Method: We assessed a representative household sample of the Brazilian population for ADHD with the Adult ADHD Self-report Scale (ASRS) Screener, and evaluated the instrument according to the Rasch model of item response theory. Results: The sample was comprised by 3007 individuals, and the overal prevalence of positive screeners for ADHD was 5.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.8-7.0]. Rasch analyses revealed the misfitt of the overall sample to expectations of the model. The evaluation of the sample stratified by age revealed that data for adolescents showed a signficant fittnes to the model expectations, while items completed by adults were not adequated. Conclusions:The lack of fitness to the model for adult respondents challenges the possibility of a linear transformation of the ordinal data into interval measures and the utilization of parametric analyses of data. This result suggests that diagnostic criteria and instruments for adult ADHD must take into account a

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“…Beber e dirigir foi associado com o sexo masculino, com envolvimento prévio em acidentes sob in uência de álcool, uso excessivo de álcool no último ano e opinião desfavorável sobre políticas públicas 8 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

Campos¹,

Salgado²,

Rocha³

et al. 2012

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Contexto:O beber e dirigir não foi su cientemente estudado no Brasil até agora. Objetivo: Apresentar dados do primeiro levantamento sobre o comportamento do beber e dirigir de um estado do Brasil. Método: Foram conduzidas 1.799 entrevistas anônimas com motoristas em postos de checagem de sobriedade em 10 cidades, representando as 10 regiões geográ cas do estado de Minas Gerais. Desses motoristas, 1.209 (67,2%) responderam a um questionário estruturado e aceitaram o teste do bafômetro. Resultados: Vinte por cento dos motoristas estavam dirigindo com níveis de alcoolemia acima do limite legal. A análise de regressão logística, controlada por sexo, foi utilizada para predizer bafômetro positivo. Essa análise mostrou chance aumentada de bafômetro positivo para condutor com idade acima de 31 anos que tem frequência de consumo de álcool de, pelo menos, um a dois dias na semana e para quem não usa o cinto de segurança. Conclusão: Estudos localizados com metodologia similares realizados em postos de checagem da sobriedade podem monitorar o comportamento dos condutores e os riscos no trânsito e direcionar políticas públicas sobre o beber e dirigir. AbstractContext: Drinking and driving has not been adequately studied in Brazil so far. Objective: e present study presents data from the rst survey on drinking and driving behavior in a Brazilian state. Method: One thousand seven hundred ninety-nine anonymous interviews were conducted with drivers at sobriety checkpoints in ten cities representing the ten geographic regions of the state of Minas Gerais. Of those drivers, 1,209 (67.2%) responded to a subsequent structured questionnaire and agreed to take a breathalyzer test. Results: Twenty percent of the drivers were driving with blood alcohol levels over the legal limit. Logistic regression analysis, controlled by sex, was used to predict positive breathalyzer test. Drivers over the age of 31 years with an alcohol consumption frequency of at least 1-2 days per week, who were not using seat belts, showed an increased probability of positive breathalyzer test. Discussion: Studies with a similar methodology conducted in sobriety checkpoints can monitor the behavior of drivers and risks in tra c, and direct public policy on drinking and driving. IntroduçãoPesquisas no mundo inteiro mostram que acidentes de trânsito, com vítimas fatais, são causados por indivíduos que dirigem após o consumo de álcool 1,2 . Estudo nos Estados Unidos sobre a epidemiologia e as consequências do beber e dirigir aponta que os acidentes fatais ocorrem no período das 18 às 6 horas da manhã das noites dos ns de semana, com risco aumentado para os condutores do sexo masculino com idade entre 22 e 45 anos, com problemas de alcoolismo, com condenação por beber e dirigir e que não usam cinto de segurança 3 .O problema do beber e dirigir levou diversos países desenvolvidos a adotarem, com sucesso, medidas para redução da morbimortalidade no trânsito, tais como: obrigatoriedade do uso de equipamentos de segurança (cinto de segurança e capacete), cuidados no ...

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Highly reported prevalence of drinking and driving in Brazil: data from the first representative household study

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Have drivers at alcohol outlets changed their behavior after the new traffic law?

Have drivers at alcohol outlets changed their behavior after the new traffic law?

ADHD in a representative sample of the Brazilian population: estimated prevalence and comparative adequacy of criteria between adolescents and adults according to the item response theory

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

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