Alcohol Fuels in Spark Ignition Engines

Luca, Giuseppe Di; Pipicelli, Michele; Ianniello, Roberto; Belgiorno, Giacomo; Blasio, Gabriele Di

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8751-8_3

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This innovative approach, combined with renewable fuels, can improve engine emissions and the fuel economy. In addition, as reported by previous research findings, innovative technologies could give a potential boost to the engine fuel economy and emissions reduction [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

et al. 2023

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This review provides the recent advances in triglyceride catalytic pyrolysis using heterogeneous dolomite catalysts for upgrading biofuel quality. The production of high-quality renewable biofuels through catalytic cracking pyrolysis has gained significant attention due to their high hydrocarbon and volatile matter content. Unlike conventional applications that require high operational costs, long process times, hazardous material pollution, and enormous energy demand, catalytic cracking pyrolysis has overcome these challenges. The use of CaO, MgO, and activated dolomite catalysts has greatly improved the yield and quality of biofuel, reducing the acid value of bio-oil. Modifications of the activated dolomite surface through bifunctional acid–base properties also positively influenced bio-oil production and quality. Dolomite catalysts have been found to be effective in catalyzing the pyrolysis of triglycerides, which are a major component of vegetable oils and animal fats, to produce biofuels. Recent advances in the field include the use of modified dolomite catalysts to improve the activity and selectivity of the catalytic pyrolysis process. Moreover, there is also research enhancement of the synthesis and modification of dolomite catalysts in improving the performance of biofuel yield conversion. Interestingly, this synergy contribution has significantly improved the physicochemical properties of the catalysts such as the structure, surface area, porosity, stability, and bifunctional acid–base properties, which contribute to the catalytic reaction’s performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…This combustion belongs to the diffusion combustion, and the whole process includes spray, atomization, diffusion and combustion [20]. Recent advancements in fuel injection systems [21] and combustion technologies [22] and the utilization of alternative fuels [23,24] offer promising opportunities to improve emissions and fuel economy. These innovative approaches, when combined with advanced combustion concepts, have the potential to enhance efficiency and performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Effect of Nozzle Numbers on Diesel Engine Performance Operated at Plateau Environment

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The effect of nozzle number on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engines operating at high altitudes was investigated in this study. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model was developed to simulate the spray spatial distribution, which is closely related to the nozzle number. The intake pressure was identified as the dominant factor under varying altitudes, while the fuel mass, injection timing and temperature were maintained constant. Altitudes of 3000 m were chosen to represent typical high-altitude conditions, and sea level cases were simulated for comparison. The results demonstrated that high-altitude operation reduced the air utility in the combustion chamber, leading to suppressed soot oxidization and worse soot emissions. Moreover, more injection nozzles will decrease the fuel injection pressure, resulting in inadequate fuel diffusion and detrimental effects on the combustion efficiency and soot control. However, too few nozzles may cause wall collisions and worsen the combustion conditions. The number of nozzles also influences the combustion, with a higher number of nozzles exacerbating poor combustion conditions. The optimal number of nozzles for the engine studied is determined to be six. Hence, determining the optimal nozzle number plays a vital role in achieving the optimal performance of highland diesel engines. This study provides valuable guidance for the development of diesel engines in high-altitude environments, where controlling the fuel consumption and soot emissions is challenging.

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“…The blended fuel mode maintained high BTE and low emissions but with high NOx [15,16]. In addition, the advanced technology suggestions for improving the combustion and emissions characteristics were applied in conventional diesel engines [17,18]. The PPC engine concept was applied using an oxygenated and high-octane rating fuel such as methanol with different fuel injection strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials on the Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel/Biodiesel Blend

Elkelawy,

El Shenawy,

Bastawissi

et al. 2023

Processes

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Biodiesel produced from waste cooked oil (WCO) resources mixed with various nanoparticle additives and used as a fuel blend in diesel engine combustion is a hopeful research trend. All previous studies indicate that alternative fuels can provide better fuel properties with enhanced engine combustion, performance, and lower emissions than fossil diesel fuel. This study uses three fuel blends to compare the diesel engine’s combustion, performance, and emissions attributes at different loading values. Pure diesel fuel, B40, which is a blend of 40% WCO biodiesel and 60% diesel fuel, and mixtures of 40% WCO biodiesel, 56% diesel, and 4% toluene with carbon nanotubes (B40-CNTs) or graphene oxide nano-additive (B40-GO) at three concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 ppm were used. The results show enhancements in the diesel engine attribute values using B40-CNTs and B40-GO blends at different concentrations and engine load values better than the diesel engine attribute result values using B0 or B40 without nanoparticle additives. The combustion, performance, and emission attribute showed improvements using nanoparticles due to the increase in the evaporation rate, the oxygen rate, the surface area to volume ratio, and the thermal properties of the mixture. The highest in-cylinder peak pressure is recorded at 61 bar in B40 with 150 PPM of GO nanoparticles. The brake thermal efficiency records 43.6%, with the highest percentage found using B40-150GO at the maximum engine load value. The NOx emissions are dropped from 1240 PPM using pure diesel fuel to 884 PPM using B40 with 150 PPM of GO nanoparticles at the maximum engine load due to the lower combustion temperatures and duration.

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Alcohol Fuels in Spark Ignition Engines

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

Investigation of Effect of Nozzle Numbers on Diesel Engine Performance Operated at Plateau Environment

Impact of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials on the Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel/Biodiesel Blend

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