Aizoaceae

Genetic differentiation in the genus Lithops L. (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae) reveals a high level of convergent evolution and reflects geographic distribution

“…The genera are morphologically very similar to each other and differ only slightly (Hartmann 2001; van Jaarsveld & De Pienaar 2004). The capsules of Lithops have five or six locules and those of Dinteranthus have seven or more (Schwantes 1952; Hartmann 2001); however several taxa of Lithops develop capsules with seven locules (Cole 1975; Hartmann 1993). Seeds of Dinteranthus are smaller and their surface is slightly different in structure (Jump 1988; Hartmann 1993, 2001).…”

“…The capsules of Lithops have five or six locules and those of Dinteranthus have seven or more (Schwantes 1952; Hartmann 2001); however several taxa of Lithops develop capsules with seven locules (Cole 1975; Hartmann 1993). Seeds of Dinteranthus are smaller and their surface is slightly different in structure (Jump 1988; Hartmann 1993, 2001). Remarkably, Dinteranthus inexpectatus , D. puberulus and D. wilmotianus formed a monophyletic group nested within Lithops , but D. vanzylii , first described by Bolus (1932) as a species of Lithops and later revised by Schwantes (1952), was not part of this monophyletic group but sister to L. julii ssp.…”

Gisekia (Gisekiaceae): Phylogenetic relationships, biogeography, and ecophysiology of a poorly known C4 lineage in the Caryophyllales

“…Although excluded from Aizoaceae and raised to family level in 1942 by Nakai (Nakai, 1942), Gisekia has since been affiliated with three different families. It has been classified back into Aizoaceae (Hauman, 1951; Adamson, 1961), and Molluginaceae (Andrews, 1950; Friedrich, 1959; Eckardt, 1964), while Hofmann (1973) considered it as closely related to Phytolaccaceae (for summary see Gilbert, 1993). Only after the revision by Gilbert (1993) has the family rank of Gisekiaceae been accepted.…”

Studies in the genus <i>Machairopliyllum</i> (Mesembryanthemaceae), with notes on some related genera

“…The Ruschioideae is the larger of the two subfamilies of Mesembryanthemaceae with 107 genera mainly in southern Africa. Ruschioideae was classified into 12 tentative groups according to the then state of knowledge (Hartmann 1991(Hartmann , 1993(Hartmann , 1998a. Machairophyllum was listed in the Bergeranthus group which comprises perennial plants that mostly have free leaves with homocellular xeromorphic epidermis, exserted inflorescences and flowers with separate lophomor phic nectaries.…”

“…In principle the inflorescence of Machairophyllum is a dichasium ( Figure 8A) which is typical of Mesem bryanthemaceae (Hartmann 1993). The number of flowers ranges from three to ± seven.…”