Ah Receptor Agonists in UV-exposed Toluene Solutions of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (decaBDE) and in Soils Contaminated with Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) (9 pp)

mentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification and quantification of products formed via photolysis of decabromodiphenyl ether

Christiansson

Eriksson

Teclechiel

et al. 2009

“…Some waste types, such as electronic waste (e-waste) or car shredder waste material, were and continue to be highly contaminated with compounds such as PCBs, brominated flame retardants, brominated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) as well as toxic heavy metals (Meyer et al 1993;Olsman et al 2006;Secretariat Stockholm Convention 2006;Tasaki et al 2004;Five Winds 2001;US EPA 1991;UNEP 2005b;Weber and Kuch 2003;Wong et al 2007). As a result, the associated disposal sites and recycling areas can become highly contaminated if these activities are carried out without appropriate regulation and control.…”

Section: Contaminated Sites From Waste Management Deposition and Recmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxin- and POP-contaminated sites—contemporary and future relevance and challenges

Weber¹,

Gaus²,

Tysklind

et al. 2008

Self Cite

341

210

With the continuing shift of industrial activities in developing and transition economies, which often have poor regulation (and weak self-regulation of industries), additional global challenges regarding POPs and other contaminated sites may be expected. In this respect, a comprehensive application of the "polluter pays principle" in these countries will also be a key to facilitate the clean-up of contaminated areas and the prevention of future contaminated sites. The threats and challenges of contaminated sites and the high costs of securing/remediating the problems highlight the need for a comprehensive approach based upon integrated pollution prevention and control. If applied to all polluting (and potentially polluting) industrial sectors around the globe, such an approach will prove to be both the cheapest and most sustainable way to underpin the development of industries in developing and transition economies.

“…The samples were tested for AhR-mediated activities in the CALUX assay, a dioxin bioassay that utilizes H4IIE rat hepatoma cells stably transfected with a luciferase reporter gene (Murk et al 1996) according to the methods presented by Olsman et al (2005) and Gustavsson et al (2007). The cells were grown as monolayers in 10 ml of α-minimal essential medium (α-MEM, Sigma) supplemented with 10% sterile fetal calf serum (FCS, LabKemi) in culturing bottles.…”

Section: Calux Bioassay With H4iie Rat Hepatoma Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AhR agonist and genotoxicant bioavailability in a PAH-contaminated soil undergoing biological treatment

Andersson

Rotander

Kronhelm³

et al. 2009

Self Cite

It has to be ensured that soft remediation methods like biodegradation or the natural remediation approach do not result in the mobilization of toxic compounds including more mobile degradation products. For PAH-contaminated sites this cannot be assured merely by monitoring the 16 target PAHs. The combined use of a battery of biotests for different types of PAH effects such as the CALUX and the Comet assay together with bioavailability extraction methods may be a useful screening tool of bioremediation processes of PAH-contaminated soil and contribute to a more accurate risk assessment. If the bioremediation causes a release of bound PAHs that are left undegraded in an easily extracted fraction, the soil may be more toxic to organisms living in the soil as a result of the treatment. A prolonged treatment time may be one way to reduce the risk of remaining mobile PAHs. In critical cases, the remediation concept might have to be changed to ex situ remediation methods.