Age-Related Changes and Sex-Related Differences in Brain Iron Metabolism

Kezele, Tanja Grubić; Ćurko-Cofek, Božena

doi:10.3390/nu12092601

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(394 reference statements)

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“…Fatigue, weakness, depressed mood, and retardation of cognitive development in children can result from the altered metabolism of Fe [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The crucial proteins related to Fe metabolism are Hep, transferrin (Tf), and ferroportin-1 (Fpn-1) [ 42 ].…”

Section: Iron Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

et al. 2021

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Iron deficiency (ID) is particularly frequent in obese patients due to increased circulating levels of acute-phase reactant hepcidin and adiposity-associated inflammation. Inflammation in obese subjects is closely related to ID. It induces reduced iron absorption correlated to the inhibition of duodenal ferroportin expression, parallel to the increased concentrations of hepcidin. Obese subjects often get decreased inflammatory response after bariatric surgery, accompanied by decreased serum hepcidin and therefore improved iron absorption. Bariatric surgery can induce the mitigation or resolution of obesity-associated complications, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, adjusting many parameters in the metabolism. However, gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy can induce malabsorption and may accentuate ID. The present review explores the burden and characteristics of ID and anemia in obese patients after bariatric surgery, accounting for gastric bypass technique (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass—RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). After bariatric surgery, obese subjects’ iron status should be monitored, and they should be motivated to use adequate and recommended iron supplementation.

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Section: Iron Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

et al. 2021

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“…Next, we evaluated the effects of exercise on iron homeostasis by measuring the levels of hepcidin, a hormone responsible for regulation of cellular iron levels [29,30]. ELISA analysis revealed a significant reduction of hepcidin in the cortex of exercised mice when compared to sedentary mice (main exercise effect: p < 0.05, Figure 4A).…”

Section: Exercise Effects On Regulation Of Iron Homeostasis In Muscle and Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Physical Exercise Modulates Iron Homeostasis in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Belaya

Kucháriková

Górová

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Dysregulation of brain iron metabolism is one of the pathological features of aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. While physical inactivity is one of the risk factors for AD and regular exercise improves cognitive function and reduces pathology associated with AD, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of regular physical exercise on modulation of iron homeostasis in the brain and periphery of the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. By using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and a variety of biochemical techniques, we measured total iron content and level of proteins essential in iron homeostasis in the brain and skeletal muscles of sedentary and exercised mice. Long-term voluntary running induced redistribution of iron resulted in altered iron metabolism and trafficking in the brain and increased iron content in skeletal muscle. Exercise reduced levels of cortical hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis, coupled with interleukin-6 (IL-6) decrease in cortex and plasma. We propose that regular exercise induces a reduction of hepcidin in the brain, possibly via the IL-6/STAT3/JAK1 pathway. These findings indicate that regular exercise modulates iron homeostasis in both wild-type and AD mice.

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“…Neuroimaging could help to bridge the gap by providing in vivo evidence of the extension of these disorders. These exams include the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [ 3 ], positron emission tomography (PET) [ 4 ], and the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging techniques [ 5 ]. In the last decade, we observed an overabundance of reports regarding the sensitivity of neuroimaging techniques, even for capturing PD with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Functional Neuroanatomy of Parkinson’s Disease: Clinical Applications and Future Directions

Lauretani

Longobucco

Ravazzoni

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The neurobiology of Parkinson’s disease and its progression has been investigated during the last few decades. Braak et al. proposed neuropathological stages of this disease based on the recognizable topographical extent of Lewy body lesions. This pathological process involves specific brain areas with an ascending course from the brain stem to the cortex. Post-mortem studies are of importance to better understand not only the progression of motor symptoms, but also the involvement of other domains, including cognition and behavior. The correlation between the neuropathological expansion of the disease and the clinical phases remains demanding. Neuroimaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), could help to bridge this existing gap by providing in vivo evidence of the extension of the disorders. In the last decade, we observed an overabundance of reports regarding the sensitivity of neuroimaging techniques. All these studies were aimed at improving the accuracy of Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis and discriminating it from other causes of parkinsonism. In this review, we look at the recent literature concerning PD and address the new frontier of diagnostic accuracy in terms of identification of early stages of the disease and conventional neuroimaging techniques that, in vivo, are capable of photographing the basal ganglia network and its cerebral connections.

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Age-Related Changes and Sex-Related Differences in Brain Iron Metabolism

Cited by 37 publications

References 265 publications

Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery

Regular Physical Exercise Modulates Iron Homeostasis in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Imaging the Functional Neuroanatomy of Parkinson’s Disease: Clinical Applications and Future Directions

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