Age‐dependent changes in stratum corneum barrier function

Boireau-Adamezyk, Elise; Baillet‐Guffroy, Arlette; Stamatas, Georgios N.

doi:10.1111/srt.12132

Cited by 125 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…The reason(s) for the reduced barrier function in the upper inner arm are unclear, but could include structural factors relating to overall growth, such as overall skin thickness including non-SC layers (not measured in these studies), biological factors such as lipid distribution within the different skin locations, changes in NMF production and a greater environmental exposure of the dorsal forearm than the upper inner arm. In adults, resistance to water permeability was shown to be greater for the upper inner arm than the dorsal forearm, with no significant difference in TEWL between sites [10,20]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Changes in Skin Barrier and Structure during the First 5 Years of Life

Walters

Khanna

Chu

et al. 2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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The structure of the stratum corneum (SC) and the corresponding skin barrier develops from before birth up to about 4 years of age. Large subject-to-subject variability within an age group requires a large population to observe trends in skin barrier properties over time. Barrier function, quantified by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and SC thickness, was measured on the upper inner arm and dorsal forearm in subjects aged 3 months to 4 years (n = 171) and a subset of mothers (n = 44). The rate of skin surface area expansion as a function of age peaked before birth (∼90 cm²/week) and declined to a steady plateau (∼10 cm²/week) by 1 year of age. SC thickness increased and TEWL decreased, but did not reach adult values until 3-4 years of age. A better understanding of how skin hydration changes after birth suggests that barrier function may be related mechanistically to skin surface area expansion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEWL varies by body site within subjects and can be variable within similar subject populations [7,10,19,20]. There have been differing trends of TEWL with age reported in the literature [9,12,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Changes in Skin Barrier and Structure during the First 5 Years of Life

Walters

Khanna

Chu

et al. 2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Niacinamide, a compound of vitamin B 3 which has been shown to increase the levels of SC ceramides [35], was also tested on healthy skin, resulting in a lower increase of TEWL following tape stripping [36]. On the other hand, a study by Boireau-Adamezyk et al [37] showed that the relationship between lipids and TEWL is not straightforward in the facial area, characterized by higher levels of ceramides, cholesterol and the lipid/protein ratio, as well as hydration, and yet by a poor barrier function indicated by high TEWL. Smaller, immature corneocytes and thinner SC, driven by faster proliferation, have also been reported in the literature for facial skin [38,39]; these factors, leading to a shorter diffusion path length through the corneocytes [40], most probably play a major role in the increase of TEWL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microspectroscopic Confocal Raman and Macroscopic Biophysical Measurements in the in vivo Assessment of the Skin Barrier: Perspective for Dermatology and Cosmetic Sciences

Falcone

Uzunbajakava²,

Varghese

et al. 2015

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Skin barrier function, confined to the stratum corneum, is traditionally evaluated using established, noninvasive biophysical methods like transepidermal water loss, capacitance and conductance. However, these methods neither measure skin molecular composition nor its structure, hindering the actual causes of skin barrier change or impairment. At the same time, confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRS) can directly measure skin molecular composition and structure and has proven itself to be a powerful technique for biomolecular analysis. The aims of this literature review were to evaluate noninvasive biophysical methods in view of CRS and to outline a direction towards more specific and informative skin measurement methods. We address this by investigating, for the first time, the relation between in vivo assessment of the skin barrier using indirect biophysical methods and the actual skin composition and structure as given by CRS, and emphasize the high potential of CRS for dermatology and cosmetic sciences. CRS acceptance in these fields will require close collaboration between dermatologists, skin scientists and spectroscopy experts towards simplifying the technology and creating robust, rapid, easy-to-use and less expensive CRS applications.

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“…TEWL is a clinically relevant test used to measure skin barrier function [21]. When high and low stress areas of measurement were taken together (Figure 2(a)) or when they were considered separately (Figure 2(b) and (c)), there was no difference in SoC and EVS socket TEWL values at the baseline time point.…”

Section: Elevated Vacuum Suspension Preserved Skin Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated vacuum suspension preserves residual-limb skin health in people with lower-limb amputation: Randomized clinical trial

et al. 2016

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Abstract-A growing number of clinical trials and case reports support qualitative claims that use of an elevated vacuum suspension (EVS) prosthesis improves residual-limb health on the basis of self-reported questionnaires, clinical outcomes scales, and wound closure studies. Here, we report first efforts to quantitatively assess residual-limb circulation in response to EVS. Residual-limb skin health and perfusion of people with lower-limb amputation (N = 10) were assessed during a randomized crossover study comparing EVS with nonelevated vacuum suspension (control) over a 32 wk period using noninvasive probes (transepidermal water loss, laser speckle imaging, transcutaneous oxygen measurement) and functional hyperspectral imaging approaches. Regardless of the suspension system, prosthesis donning decreased perfusion in the residual limb under resting conditions. After 16 wk of use, EVS improved residual-limb oxygenation during treadmill walking. Likewise, prosthesis-induced reactive hyperemia was attenuated with EVS following 16 wk of use. Skin barrier function was preserved with EVS but disrupted after control socket use. Taken together, outcomes suggest chronic EVS use improves perfusion and preserves skin barrier function in people with lower-limb amputation.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; "Evaluation of limb health associated with a prosthetic vacuum socket system": NCT01839123; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT01839123?term=NCT01839123&rank=1

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Age‐dependent changes in stratum corneum barrier function

Abstract: Skin aging, body site and environmental exposure can affect the SC barrier function, its structure, and its lipid content. The thickening of the SC with age compensates for the decrease of the quantity and ordering of the lipidic cement.

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

Developmental Changes in Skin Barrier and Structure during the First 5 Years of Life

Developmental Changes in Skin Barrier and Structure during the First 5 Years of Life

Microspectroscopic Confocal Raman and Macroscopic Biophysical Measurements in the in vivo Assessment of the Skin Barrier: Perspective for Dermatology and Cosmetic Sciences

Elevated vacuum suspension preserves residual-limb skin health in people with lower-limb amputation: Randomized clinical trial

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