Age ascription as a resource and a source of resistance – An interactional study of health professionals' castings of patients into the category ‘old’

Näslund, Shirley

doi:10.1016/j.jaging.2017.03.001

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Around 18% of the studies drew upon psychosocial dehumanization theories, particularly the dual model of dehumanization (Adams, Case, Fitness, & Stevenson, 2017; Caesens, Stinglhamber, Demoulin, & DeWilde, 2017; Haslam, 2006; Martinez, 2014; Miron, McFadden, Nazario, & Buelow, 2017; Piccoli, Fantoni, Foroni, Bianchi, & Carnaghi, 2017; Sakalaki, Richardson, & Fousiani, 2017; Zhang, Chan, Xia, Tian, & Zhu, 2017), or the infrahumanization theory (Leyens, 2009; Pavon & Vaes, 2017; Trifiletti, DiBernado, Falvo, & Capozza, 2014; Vaes & Muratore, 2013), to analyze determinants and consequences of other-dehumanization. Discursive approaches were used to explore dehumanized representations or metaphors of the body in the press (Coveney, Nerlich, & Martin, 2009; Naslund, 2017; Potts & Semino, 2017) or in participants’ discourses (Anderson, Bresnahan, & DeAngelis, 2014; Dykes, 2005; Estrada-Mesa, Muñoz-Echavarría, & Cardona-Arias, 2016; Lauri, 2009; Schuster, Beune, & Stronks, 2011; Walker, 2012). Two studies used Social Representations Theory (Moscovici, 1984) to explore attitudes toward organ donation (Lauri, 2009) and health professionals’ dehumanizing representations about people who are transgender (Lefkowitz & Mannel, 2017; Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies also showed how the metaphor of the “victim” was used by health care professionals to describe end-of-life patients (Potts & Semino, 2017) and older people (Naslund, 2017), but with different implications. Again, the same metaphor was used to endorse distinct representations: End-of-life patients were presented as victims of illness who lacked the ability to fight back, but still held emotions and beliefs; older people were mainly represented as victims of age, with diminished desires, capacity of decision-making, and behavioral intentionality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like most studies on social representations of the body (Camargo et al, 2010; Lauri, 2009), these studies mostly investigated metaphors used by lay people to depict their own bodies in informal health-related contexts. However, studies on health professionals’ representations about patients’ bodies are emerging (Dykes, 2005; Estrada-Mesa et al, 2016; Lefkowitz & Mannel, 2017; Montes, 2008; Naslund, 2017; Potts & Semino, 2017), but mainly focus on specific health conditions, for example, pregnant or breastfeeding women, people who are transgender, older people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 18% of the studies drew upon psychosocial dehumanization theories, particularly the dual model of dehumanization Haslam, 2006;Martinez, 2014;, or the infrahumanization theory (Leyens, 2009;Pavon & Vaes, 2017;Vaes & Muratore, 2013), to analyze determinants and consequences of other-dehumanization. Discursive approaches were used to explore dehumanized representations or metaphors of the body in the press (Coveney, Nerlich, & Martin, 2009;Naslund, 2017;Potts & Semino, 2017) or in participants' discourses Dykes, 2005;Lauri, 2009;Schuster, Beune, & Stronks, 2011;Walker, 2012). Two studies used Social Representations Theory (Moscovici, 1984) to explore attitudes toward organ donation (Lauri, 2009) and health professionals' dehumanizing representations about people who are transgender (Lefkowitz & Mannel, 2017; Table 3).…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives On Dehumanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

Diniz

Bernardes

Castro

2019

Review of General Psychology

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Dehumanization is an everyday, pervasive phenomenon in health contexts. Given its detrimental consequences to health care, much research has been dedicated to understanding and promoting the humanization of health services. However, health care service research has neglected the sociopsychological processes involved in the dehumanization of self and others, in formal but also informal health-related contexts. Drawing upon sociopsychological models of dehumanization, this article will bridge this gap by presenting a critical review of studies on everyday meaning-making and person perception processes of dehumanization in health-related contexts. A database search was conducted in PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, using a combination of keywords on dehumanization and health/illness/body; 3,229 references were screened; 95 full texts were assessed for eligibility; 59 studies were included. Most studies focused on informal contexts, reflecting a decontextualized and one-sided view of dehumanization (i.e., not integrating actors’ and victims’ perspectives). Despite the dominant focus on self-dehumanization, emerging perspectives uncover the role of processes that deny human uniqueness to others, and their individual determinants and consequences for mental health. A few studies bring to light the functions of a variety of dehumanizing body metaphors on self- and other-dehumanization. These trends in the literature leave several gaps, which are here critically analyzed to inform future research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives On Dehumanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

Diniz

Bernardes

Castro

2019

Review of General Psychology

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“…Kategoria-analyysia soveltavissa tutkimuksissa toistuvat ikääntymiseen liittyvät negatiiviset kulttuuriset stereotypiat ja mielikuvat. Niissä osoitetaan kuitenkin myös haastateltavan aktiivinen rooli kulttuuristen kategorioiden neuvot-telijana, haastajana tai vastustajana (Näslund 2017;Jolanki 2004).…”

Section: Aineiston Analyysiunclassified

Samanaikaisesti hauras ja resilientti - kategoria-analyysi ikääntyneiden itseä koskevasta puheesta

Outila

Lantela²

2019

gerontologia

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Vanhenemiseen liittyvä kulttuurinen kuvasto rakentuu helposti kaksijakoisesti. Janan toisessa päässä ovat aktiiviset, elämästä nauttivat ja yhteiskuntaan panoksensa antavat seniorikansalaiset ja toisessa päässä tarvitsevat ja sairaat vanhukset. Tarkastelemme tässä artikkelissa ikääntyneiden lappilaisten kerrontaa itsestään arkielämän kontekstissa. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu 16 ikääntyneen haastatteluista, jotka tehtiin kotiteknologiakokeilun yhteydessä eri puolilla Lappia vuosina 2017-2018. Aineisto on analysoitu kategoria-analyysillä ja tulkinnassa on käytetty resilienssin ja haurauden käsitteitä. Kaikki haastateltavat sijoittivat puheessa itsensä kategorioihin, joiden voidaan katsoa kiinnittyvän haurauteen ja resilienssiin. Voimien väheneminen, kivut ja luopuminen, toisin sanoen hauraus, oli osa ikääntyneiden elämäntodellisuutta. Tämä ei kuitenkaan poissulkenut resilienssiä: ikääntyneiden pystyvyyttä tai asemoitumista oman arkensa aktiivisiksi toimijoiksi. Ikääntyneitä ei tulisi tarkastella yksipuolisesti vain haurauden tai resilienssin näkökulmista, vaikka he ensi silmäyksellä näyttäisivätkin kuuluvan vain toiseen kategoriaan, vaan nämä molemmat ulottuvuudet tulisi nähdä luontevana osana ikääntymistä ja ikääntymisen kulttuurisia käsikirjoituksia. Ikääntyneillä tulisi olla mahdollisuus toimia ja osallistua, mutta samalla mahdollisuus olla täysivaltaisena aikuisena myös tarvitseva, heikko tai hauras.

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Tired, but not (only) because of age: An interactional sociolinguistic study of participants' variable stances towards older-age categorial explanations in everyday hair-salon talk

Heinrichsmeier

2018

Journal of Aging Studies

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A growing body of research examining age-in-interaction has revealed the way in which people orientate to stereotypical associations of aging. However, relatively little attention has been given to the way older-age categorial terms and expressions are used in everyday, non-medicalised settings and the kinds of identities thereby achieved. In this study I aim to bring to the fore and explain the variability of stances towards older-age terms and expressions in an ordinary setting, a hair-salon. I explore this variability by scrutinizing in detail cases where older women resist another's use of aging to explain their ailment or complaint, and contrast these with cases where the same women, in the same appointment, themselves invoke older age to explain or intensify their own problem. Drawing on audio-recorded conversations between clients and salon-workers and using the micro-discourse analytic tools of Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorization Analysis, I show that these seemingly inconsistent orientations to older age emerge out of the unfolding sequential context and the different projects in which participants are engaged in interaction. I further show that older age is not the only or main identity orientated to in such uses in this setting. The discussion as a whole highlights the value of adopting an age-blind approach to the data and of examining people's use of older-age terms and expressions in a range of ordinary settings.

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Age ascription as a resource and a source of resistance – An interactional study of health professionals' castings of patients into the category ‘old’

Cited by 43 publications

References 30 publications

Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

Self- and Other-Dehumanization Processes in Health-Related Contexts: A Critical Review of the Literature

Samanaikaisesti hauras ja resilientti - kategoria-analyysi ikääntyneiden itseä koskevasta puheesta

Tired, but not (only) because of age: An interactional sociolinguistic study of participants' variable stances towards older-age categorial explanations in everyday hair-salon talk

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