Age- and sex-related changes in the soft tissues of the orbital region

Sforza, Chiarella; Grandi, Gaia; Catti, Francesca; Tommasi, Davide G.; Ugolini, Alessandro; Ferrario, Virgilio F.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.12.010

Cited by 59 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…10,15,23 At first, a set of 50 soft tissue landmarks were located and marked by inspection and palpation on the facial skin of each subject using black eyeliner. Subsequently, the three-dimensional (x, y, z) coordinates of the facial landmarks were obtained using three-dimensional computerized digitizers (an electromagnetic three-dimensional tablet, 3Draw, Polhemus Inc, Colchester, Vt; and an electromechanical instrument, Microscribe G2, Immersion Corporation, San Jose, Calif).…”

Section: Collection Of Facial Landmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reproducibility of landmark identification, marker positioning, and data collection procedures was previously reported and found to be reliable. 10 …”

Section: Collection Of Facial Landmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the eyes and the orbital region play a predominant role in the evaluation and recognition of the craniofacial complex 5,10,11 and are among those facial areas that are considered to be at the center of esthetic evaluation. 3,5,6,8,[12][13][14] According to the current theories of evolutionary psychology, the esthetic assessment of adult faces depends on various combinations of averageness, symmetry, neoteny (babyness) and youthfulness, and sexual dimorphism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of soft-tissue orbital morphometry in attractive and normal Italian subjects

Sforza

Dolci

Grandi

et al. 2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To identify esthetic characteristics of the orbital soft tissues of attractive Italian adult women and men. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional computerized digitizers were used to collect the coordinates of facial landmarks in 199 healthy, normal subjects aged 18 to 30 years (71 women, 128 men; mean age, 22 years) and in 126 coetaneous attractive subjects (92 women, 34 men; mean age, 20 years) selected during beauty competitions. From the landmarks, six linear distances, two ratios, six angles, and two areas were calculated. Attractive subjects were compared with normal ones by computing z-scores. Results: Intercanthal width was reduced while eye fissure lengths were increased in both genders. Orbital heights (os-or) were increased only in attractive women, with a significant gender-related difference. The inclinations of the eye fissure were increased in attractive subjects, while the inclinations of the orbit were reduced. For several of the analyzed measurements, similar patterns of z-scores were observed for attractive men and women (r 5 .883). Conclusion: Attractive women and men had several specific esthetic characteristics in their orbital soft tissues; esthetic reference values can be used to determine optimal goals in surgical treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2015;85:127-133.)

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Section: Collection Of Facial Landmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reproducibility of landmark identification, marker positioning, and data collection procedures was previously reported and found to be reliable. 10 …”

Section: Collection Of Facial Landmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of soft-tissue orbital morphometry in attractive and normal Italian subjects

Sforza

Dolci

Grandi

et al. 2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Além de constatar as diferenças relacionadas ao sexo, os autores encontraram mudanças relacionadas ao crescimento e ao envelhecimento 20 . As mudanças microscópicas na epiderme da face associadas à redução de fibras elásticas e provocam, na região orbital: a pálpebra inferior tem um deslocamento em sentido inferior.…”

Section: Mudanças Fisiológicas Da Faceunclassified

“…Como exemplo, as mudanças observadas por Sforza e Grandi, nas orelhas e região periorbital indicam a clara alteração dessas regiões com o evolver da idade 18,20 .…”

Section: Imutabilidade Facialunclassified

A Fragilidade da Análise Facial como Único Método de Identificação Humana

Pícoli¹,

Alves²,

Mundim³

et al. 2014

BJFS

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Resumo.A identificação humana é o procedimento por meio do qual uma pessoa à diferenciada de outra em função de suas características únicas (físicas, psíquicas, funcionais e civis). A crescente demanda dos serviços de identificação post mortem associada ao crescimento da criminalidade em nosso país, sobretudo dos números absolutos e relativos dos crimes contra a vida, coincidiu com a utilização de métodos que

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