Comparison of soft-tissue orbital morphometry in attractive and normal Italian subjects

Abstract

Objective: To identify esthetic characteristics of the orbital soft tissues of attractive Italian adult women and men. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional computerized digitizers were used to collect the coordinates of facial landmarks in 199 healthy, normal subjects aged 18 to 30 years (71 women, 128 men; mean age, 22 years) and in 126 coetaneous attractive subjects (92 women, 34 men; mean age, 20 years) selected during beauty competitions. From the landmarks, six linear distances, two ratios, six angles, and two areas were calculated. Attractive subjects were compared with normal ones by computing z-scores. Results: Intercanthal width was reduced while eye fissure lengths were increased in both genders. Orbital heights (os-or) were increased only in attractive women, with a significant gender-related difference. The inclinations of the eye fissure were increased in attractive subjects, while the inclinations of the orbit were reduced. For several of the analyzed measurements, similar patterns of z-scores were observed for attractive men and women (r 5 .883). Conclusion: Attractive women and men had several specific esthetic characteristics in their orbital soft tissues; esthetic reference values can be used to determine optimal goals in surgical treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2015;85:127-133.)

Evaluation of the facial dimensions of young adult women with a preferred facial appearance

“…The Miss Korea group had a greater eye width compared with those in the control group. This finding was consistent with that of Sforza et al, 28 who reported greater eye widths in beauty groups than in normal groups of both men and women.…”

“…It may be interesting to conduct a lateral cephalometric analysis of a current beauty pageant sample to assess the changes in skeletal traits. However, similar to the situation in a previous study, 28 the women in the Miss Korea group preferred not to disclose their surgical history. Not only did they refuse to undergo lateral cephalometry, they also declined to answer questions about previous plastic or orthognathic surgeries.…”

Expanding the Classic Facial Canons: Quantifying Intercanthal Distance in a Diverse Patient Population

“…1). These cohorts included African (n = 15), 1,16–26 Asian (n = 22), 1,6,19,24,27–41 White (n = 37), 1,16,24,33,34,38,42–52 Hispanic (n = 6), 53–55 Middle Eastern (n = 21), 1,9,10,42,56–67 and Southeast Asian (n = 17) 1,33,37,68–77‚78 participants. The majority (n = 52/67, 77.6%) of studies strictly included participants between the ages of 16 and 40, with a homogeneous distribution between men (49.8%) and women (50.2%).…”

“…1). These cohorts included African (n = 15), 1,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Asian (n = 22), 1,6,19,24,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] White (n = 37), 1,16,24,33,34,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Hispanic (n = 6), [53][54][55] Middle Eastern (n = 21),…”

A novel standardized approach for the 3D evaluation of upper eyelid area and volume

“…The eyes and the periocular region, especially the eyelids, are the most prominent anatomical structures in the center of the face, attracting increasing interest in surgical or nonsurgical esthetic procedures to improve an undesired appearance or correct deformities (1). As introduced by Farkas (2), standardized facial anthropometric analysis has become widespread for disease diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, surgical planning, and postoperative followup (3)(4)(5).…”