Aetiological agents in occupational asthma

Abstract

A Ae et ti io ol lo og gi ic ca al l a ag ge en nt ts s i in n o oc cc cu up pa at ti io on na al l a as st th hm ma a M. Chan-Yeung*, J-L. Malo** Aetiological agents in occupational asthma. M. Chan-Yeung, J-L. Malo. ERS Journals Ltd 1994. ABSTRACT: Occupational asthma has become the most prevalent occupational lung disease in developed countries. At present, about 200 agents have been implicated in causing occupational asthma in the workplace. These agents can be divided into two categories by their mechanism of action: immunological and nonimmunological.Immunological causes can be further divided into those that induce asthma through an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent mechanism, and those that induce asthma through a non-IgE-dependent mechanism. In the latter category, specific IgE antibodies are found only in a small percentage of the patients with proven disease, even though the clinical picture is compatible with an allergic reaction. The immunological mechanism(s) responsible for these agents has yet to be identified.The best known example of nonimmunological asthma is Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS) or irritant-induced asthma.In this review, examples of types of agents causing occupational asthma are discussed and a compendium table of aetiological agents is given. Eur Respir J., 1994, 7, 346-371.

Role of assorted industrial asthmagens: hypotheses on contemporary approach to target disease knowledge and medication adherence and treat occupation induced asthma

“…Occupational asthma is the world wide spread bubonic plague disease resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Assimilation of disease knowledge and drug devotion is given privilege to make use of it, as it reduce adverse drug reactions and improve therapeutic efficacy [41][42][43][44]. Lack of knowledge and medication adherence with prescribed regimen may result in to misconceptions on disease management, especially in patients suffering from work related asthma.…”

HLA CLASS II ALLELE AND IgG SENSITIZATION TO METHYLENE DIISOCYANATE IN EXPOSED WORKERS

“…[1][2][3] Identifying these disorders is crucial for intraoperative patient management. According to some studies, medication seems to be the second cause of biphasic reactions.…”

Occupational asthma

“…About 250 agents encountered at work have been reported to induce OA in susceptible workers (11,12), and this number will probably continue to increase as new materials are introduced. These agents can be broken down into three major categories according to their pathogenesis.…”

“…For those diisocyanates more volatile at room temperature (TDI, HDI), the prevalence is considered higher than for MDI or polyisocyanates. The exposure threshold limit has been set at 20 ppb (0.14 mg/m') as a ceiling concentration (11). Exposure to high levels in industrial accidents or spills may induce asthma similar to that induced by other agents that cause RADS (84).…”