‘Æthelstan A’ and the rhetoric of rule

Abstract

In the years c. 928 to 935, sole responsibility for the production of Latin diplomas was entrusted to the royal draftsman known to modern scholarship as ‘Æthelstan A’. The documents he produced are entirely different from any previous example of the Anglo-Saxon diploma. Not only does he modify the very form of the diploma, but he writes in a Latin style that is marked by its sophistication, ostentation and learning, a kind of Latin that was a forerunner to the so-called ‘hermeneutic’ Latin that dominates Anglo-Latin literature of the mid-tenth century and beyond. Never before had the royal diploma's rhetorical properties been exploited to such a degree and it seems no coincidence that these documents appeared following King Æthelstan's momentous political conquest of the North in 927.

Boundary clauses and the use of the vernacular in eastern Frankish charters, c.750–c.900*

“…This permits us to read such atypical statements as rhetorical devices. 111 Charters are not humbly objective records, but highly constructed sources designed to promote particular viewpoints. 112 The inclusion of a boundary clause, particularly one peppered with vernacular language, was a symbol of prestige and authority.…”