Boundary clauses and the use of the vernacular in eastern Frankish charters, c.750–c.900*

Roberts, Edward

doi:10.1111/1468-2281.12245

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…During these time periods, the lowermost 5 km of Helheim Glacier was near flotation (Kehrl et al, 2017), which should make its velocity more sensitive to both terminus position and basal water volumes (Ultee et al, 2021). After 2015, the lower glacier was more consistently grounded (Roberts, 2018); this is the time period that both we and Vijay et al ( 2019) study.…”

Section: Comparison Tomentioning

confidence: 63%

Seasonal flow types of glaciers in Sermilik Fjord, Greenland, over 2016–2021

Poinar¹

2022

Preprint

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Greenland glaciers have three primary seasonal ice flow patterns, or “types”: terminus driven, runoff driven, and runoff adapting. To date, glacier types have been identified by analyzing flow at a single location near the terminus; information at all other locations is discarded. Here, we use principal component (PC) / empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to decompose multi-year time series of glacier speed, combined from three satellite-derived products at four glaciers feeding Sermilik Fjord, Greenland. This improves on single-point methods by yielding temporal patterns (PCs), which allow identification of glacier type, and associated spatial patterns (EOFs), which ensure the result reflects data at all locations on the glacier. We find that the leading mode is uniformly signed over the entire glacier domain, that this mode explains the majority of the variance in speed, and therefore that glacier type can be inferred from the leading PC. We find that Helheim Glacier was terminus-driven, Fenris Glacier and Midgard Glacier were runoff-adapting, and Pourquoi-Pas Glacier was runoff-driven over 2016-2021. Our classification agrees with previous work for Helheim and Midgard Glaciers, but differs at the other two. At all but Fenris Glacier, the leading PC correlates significantly with the speed pattern observed at the single point used in previous analyses. Thus, Fenris Glacier has more complex flow patterns than single-point analysis can capture, and wider spatial analysis techniques such as EOF/PC are required. We suggest that, due to its low computational cost and inclusion in standard analysis packages, EOF/PC analysis should be used for assessing glacier type.

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Section: Comparison Tomentioning

confidence: 63%

Seasonal flow types of glaciers in Sermilik Fjord, Greenland, over 2016–2021

Poinar¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Roberts dismisses this possibility on historical grounds, pointing out that perambulatory vernacular boundary clauses in pre-Conquest England 'became more common several decades after most of our evidence' for perambulatory boundary clauses in eastern Francia. 85 But Roberts, working from Lowe's 1998 article, does not consider the earlier Latin perambulatory form in Wessex, which occurs in the mid-to-late eighth centuryand thus parallels the foundation of Fulda and Würzburg in 742.…”

Section: Fig 3 Table Of the Continental Perambulatory Bounds Discusse...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The West Saxon boundary clause in context: Celtic and Continental connections

Clark

2023

Early Medieval Europe

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The perambulatory boundary clause in England originated as a West Saxon phenomenon in the eighth century, most likely through connections with the early Celtic church, and spread with the rise of the West Saxon kings. Vernacular perambulatory charter bounds occur throughout England after the tenth century – but before 800, they appear only in Wessex, and on the Continent where West Saxons were initially installed as missionaries, in an early Latin–vernacular form. The West Saxon roots of Boniface and his followers may thus explain the presence of early perambulatory bounds in Frankish archives.

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Boundary clauses and the use of the vernacular in eastern Frankish charters, c.750–c.900*

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Seasonal flow types of glaciers in Sermilik Fjord, Greenland, over 2016–2021

Seasonal flow types of glaciers in Sermilik Fjord, Greenland, over 2016–2021

The West Saxon boundary clause in context: Celtic and Continental connections

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