Aesthetically objectionable fluorosis in the United Kingdom

Agreement between parents and adolescents on dental fluorosis: a population-based study

“…15 The rate in Sobral was higher than expected because this city has fluoride levels that are lower than the average recommended level. 2 However, the severity of injuries in both Sobral and Viçosa was low. Changes in the concentrations of fluoride could explain this finding.…”

“…1 Few studies have extended beyond normative diagnosis to include other subjective measurements of the impact of fluorosis. 2,3 Thus, expanded investigations that incorporate individuals' opinions about their own health conditions have been important to improve the understand- ing of the occurrence of diseases. [4][5][6] It is important to investigate community perceptions and dissatisfaction levels regarding dental fluorosis because the value assigned by the community to a health problem can make it a public health priority.…”

Clinical aspects of dental fluorosis according to histological features: a Thylstrup Fejerskov Index review

“…The treatment of dental fluorosis is closely related to the lesions severity (15). In general, for the scores 1, 2 and 3, the microabrasion becomes the treatment of choice because reestablish aesthetics, providing a smoother and lossy surface (37).…”

“…In clinical practice, the degree of severity determines the type of treatment that is highly complex (15) due to occurrence of cracks, loss of enamel, hypersensitivity and impairment of masticatory efficiency, and may also affect the patient's life quality due to the aesthetic standard (16). In this context, the aim of this article is to present the clinical characteristics of dental fluorosis through Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index (1978) (13), enabling the dentist to correct diagnosis and choose the most appropriate treatment for patients with DF.…”

The Prevalence and Severity of Fluorosis in Children Who Received Toothpaste Containing either 440 or 1,450 ppm F from the Age of 12 Months in Deprived and Less Deprived Communities

“…However, some children had TF scores of 3 or 4 and this might be considered aesthetically objectionable [Riordan, 1993;Ellwood and O'Mullane, 1995;Hawley et al, 1996;Lalumandier and Rozier, 1995]. A recent survey in the United Kingdom [Alkhatib et al, 2004] reported that 63% of adults found TF scores of 3 and 4 as unattractive. In this study, although the odds of having fl uorosis for the 1,450-ppm F group were high compared to the 440-ppm F group, the prevalence and hence attributable risk were low.…”