Adverse Drug Reactions of Antiepileptic Drugs in the Neurology Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is a disorder that affects 1% of the global population. It is the second most common serious neurologic disorder after stroke, affecting humans. Since antiepileptic drugs have a narrow therapeutic index and their adverse effects can affect any organ, their widespread use has significant safety implications. Objectives: The study assessed adverse drug reactions (ADRs) using antiepileptic drugs in the Department of Neurology at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Neurology of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, for eight months. It was a spontaneous reporting of ADRs by practicing physicians in the outpatient and inpatient settings that were included in the study. Results: Of the 3,300 patients who were on the anti-epileptic drug (AED), 92 (3.07%) had AED-related ADRs. A total of 18 cases were reported in the inpatient department and 74 cases in the outpatient setting. The most common ADRs were loss of appetite (34.78%), skin rashes (17.39%), and gum hypertrophy (9.78%). Of 80 ADRs, 42.5% were related to valproate, followed by phenytoin, carbamazepine, and levetiracetam. The suspected drug was changed in 22 patients with ADRs. Conclusions: For the early diagnosis and avoidance of ADRs, the frequent follow-up of patients on AEDs is needed to improve patient compliance with drug therapy and provide better drug therapy for avoiding associated morbidity and mortality.

Antiseizure adverse drug reaction and associated factors among epileptic patients at Jimma Medical Center: a prospective observational study

“…This is in line with the study conducted at the neurology clinic of UoGRH, Northwest Ethiopia, and Amanuel Specialized Mental Hospital (ASMH) 18 , 35 . In contrast to our study, headache, and Loss of appetite were the most commonest ADRs recorded in Bishoftu general hospital and Tertiary Care Hospital of India 32 , 33 .…”

“…In this finding, ADRs were found in 98 (33.8%) of PWE, and most commonly occurred within the age category of 26–44 years. This finding was relatively similar to the study reported from Bishoftu general hospital 32 , and contrary to the results from various settings including India, Italy, and Hyderabad where the prevalence of ADR were 3.07%, 3.2%,4.67% respectively 15 , 33 , 34 . This variation might be due to the special considerations taken by the practicing physicians regarding the prescribing and titrating doses of ASD, and the availability of new ASD in the former settings.…”

“…From the total of 98 reported ADRs, phenobarbital was the primary cause (52.04%) followed by phenytoin (34.70%) and carbamazepine (7.14%). This finding was augmented by the prior reports from (ASMH) and UoGRH 25 , 35 , but it is in contrast to the other finding from Tertiary Care Hospital of India, where 42.5% of ADR were related to valproate 33 . The probable justifications for this disagreement could be in resource-poor settings like Ethiopia it is old-generation ASDs like phenobarbital and phenytoin that were frequently used in the management of epilepsy 5 .…”

Comparative effectiveness-safety of conventional versus newer antiepileptics in epileptic patients in a tertiary care hospital, India

“…This is in accordance with findings from another study where irritability followed by sleepiness was the most common ADR encountered with antiepileptics [17]. In contrast another study done in India with antiepileptics demonstrated loss of appetite as the most common ADR encountered during the study [18].…”

Prediction a woman having Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) those having Insulin Resistance (IR)

“…Conversely, Androgens may contribute at least partially to the IR state which is associated with PCOS. We will now look at how insulin resistance plays a role in polycystic ovarian syndrome briefly in this review 40 .…”