Advances in InP/InGaAs Geiger-mode APD focal plane arrays (Conference Presentation)

Diagne, M.; McIntosh, Alex; Donnelly, J.P.; Myszka, Michael; Frechette, Jonathan

doi:10.1117/12.2306423

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…For this reason, they show better performance in optical communication. The urgent need for advanced 3D imaging in laser detection and ranging (LADAR) applications have led to the use of this kind of PD structure in focal plane arrays (FPA) 51 – 53 Using these detectors in FPAs will have advantages, such as internal photoelectric gain, small size, low driving voltages, high efficiency, and fast response, making it possible to create 3D imaging methods and, subsequently, more detailed information to identify the object.…”

Section: Laser Beam Detection Based On Avalanche Photodiodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The urgent need for advanced 3D imaging in laser detection and ranging (LADAR) applications have led to the use of this kind of PD structure in focal plane arrays (FPA). [51][52][53] Using these detectors in FPAs will have advantages, such as internal photoelectric gain, small size, low driving voltages, high efficiency, and fast response, making it possible to create 3D imaging methods and, subsequently, more detailed information to identify the object. Lincoln Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is one of the most important centers that has made significant progress in this field.…”

Section: Laser Beam Detection Based On Avalanche Photodiodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of structures and technologies of various types of photodetectors used in laser warning systems: a review

Mohammadnejad,

Aasi

2023

Opt. Eng.

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With the advancement of laser technology in recent decades, this device has been used in a wide range of applications, such as medical sciences, military, industry, holography, spectroscopy, and astronomy. In past years, military operations for better communication depended on radiofrequency. Vulnerability to security threats and exposure to electromagnetic interference were the main problems of this electromagnetic spectrum region. Therefore, attention was drawn to the visible and infrared (IR) regions. This spectrum provided a secure transfer of the data. The probability of intercepting a laser signal is very low due to the divergence of the narrow beam and the coherence of its optical beam. Hence, it has made this device a good candidate for secure military operations. As a result, the laser based-devices and laser-guided weapons (LGW), such as laser target designator and beam riders, have become an undeniable tool on battlefields. Reduction of the vulnerability to the LGW threats by providing laser detection, angle of arrival, wavelength discrimination, and temporal characterization is the main intention of the laser warning system (LWS). This system consists of three major subsystems. The optical subsystem will consist of spectral filters, focusing lenses, and the detection one, which is made of a few detectors in a unique array's configuration [especially IR photodetector (IRPD)], and the processing subsystem. In the last decades, with the progress made in nanofabrication and nanotechnology, consequential research has been done to enhance the performance of IRPDs, such as increasing the production yield, making it simple in the fabrication processes, lowering the fabrication cost, and increasing the operating temperature. This review paper gives a particular concentration to the photodetectors used in the detection subsystem of LWSs. In addition, some nanostructures have been surveyed to enhance the optical coupling and light-matter interaction of IRPD. Also, all studied structures are compared in a table. Finally, the detection subsystem we simulated and built at the Nanoptronics Research Center will be analyzed.

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Section: Laser Beam Detection Based On Avalanche Photodiodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laser Beam Detection Based On Avalanche Photodiodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of structures and technologies of various types of photodetectors used in laser warning systems: a review

Mohammadnejad,

Aasi

2023

Opt. Eng.

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“…Several ROICs can be passively programmed to operate in different operating modes, such as photon-counting or photon time of arrival [25]. Some ROICs can simultaneously perform photon counting and time of arrival in different regions of the ROIC [26]. There are also several ROICs which offer a programmable number of bits in the data packet [27], and programmable exposure windows or time frames [28].…”

Section: Programmability In Existing Systems and Its Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically Reconfigurable Data Readout of Pixel Detectors for Automatic Synchronization with Data Acquisition Systems

Fahim

Bianconi

Rabinowitz

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Reconfigurable detectors with dynamically selectable sensing and readout modes are highly desirable for implementing edge computing as well as enabling advanced imaging techniques such as foveation. The concept of a camera system capable of simultaneous passive imaging and dynamic ranging in different regions of the detector is presented. Such an adaptive-autonomous detector with both spatial and temporal control requires programmable window of exposure (time frames), ability to switch between readout modes such as full-frame imaging and zero-suppressed data, modification of the number of pixel data bits and independent programmability for distinct detector regions. In this work, a method is presented for seamlessly changing time frames and readout modes without data corruption while still ensuring that the data acquisition system (DAQ) does not need to stop and resynchronize at each change of setting, thus avoiding significant dead time. Data throughput is maximized by using a minimum unique data format, rather than lengthy frame headers, to differentiate between consecutive frames. A data control and transmitter (DCT) synchronizes data transfer from the pixel to the periphery, reconfigures the data to transmit it serially off-chip, while providing optimized decision support based on a DAQ definable mode. Measurements on a test structure demonstrate that the DCT can operate at 1 GHz in a 65 nm LP CMOS process.

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“…Owing to the advantages such as internal photoelectric gain, small size, low driving voltages, high efficiency, and fast response, focal-plane APD arrays bring about new three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques which provide much wealthier and more accurate information for object recognition and identification [9]. Advanced 3D imaging technologies are strongly required in radar systems including laser detection and ranging (LADAR), so the focal-plane APDs and their LADAR applications were widely and deeply studied in recent years [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For the purpose of more progress in the future, it is necessary to take an overview on the present research and production of APD arrays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the most significant progress is made by MIT Lincoln Laboratory. They developed state-of-the art products of Si and InP/InGaAs Geigermode focal-plane arrays [10], which have been successfully applied in a few LADAR systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avalanche Photodiode Focal Plane Arrays and Their Application to Laser Detection and Ranging

Song¹

2018

Photodetectors [Working Title]

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Focal-plane avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are being more and more widely and deeply studied to satisfy the requirement in weak light and single photon imaging. The progresses of this worldwide study, especially the distinctive researches and achievements in Southwest Institute of Technical Physics and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China are reviewed in this chapter. We successfully fabricated up to 64 × 1 linear-mode Si APD arrays, and 32 × 32-64 × 64 Si single-photon avalanche detector (SPAD) arrays, and applied them in Laser Detection and Ranging (LADAR) platforms like driverless vehicles. Also, we developed 32 × 32-64 × 64 InGaAsP/InP SPAD arrays, and constructed three-dimensional imaging LADAR using them. Together with the progresses of other groups and other materials, we see a prospective future for the development and application of focal-plane APDs.

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Advances in InP/InGaAs Geiger-mode APD focal plane arrays (Conference Presentation)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of structures and technologies of various types of photodetectors used in laser warning systems: a review

Analysis of structures and technologies of various types of photodetectors used in laser warning systems: a review

Dynamically Reconfigurable Data Readout of Pixel Detectors for Automatic Synchronization with Data Acquisition Systems

Avalanche Photodiode Focal Plane Arrays and Their Application to Laser Detection and Ranging

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