Advances in dewatering and drying in mineral processing

Chaedir, Benitta A.; Kurnia, Jundika C.; Sasmito, Agus P.; Mujumdar, Arun S.

doi:10.1080/07373937.2021.1907754

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In some cases, a belt filter with countercurrent washing is the best option; in other cases, a membrane filter press is a better choice. Efficient dewatering of the solid residue is essential for closing the water loop [54,55]. This dewatering can include a drying step, but this is normally an energyintensive process.…”

Section: Principle 2: Close Water Loopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

Binnemans

Jones

2022

J. Sustain. Metall.

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In this academic position paper, we propose the 12 Principles of a novel and more sustainable approach to hydrometallurgy that we call “circular hydrometallurgy.” The paper intends to set a basis for identifying future areas of research in the field of hydrometallurgy, while providing a “sustainability” benchmark for assessing existing processes and technological developments. Circular hydrometallurgy refers to the designing of energy-efficient and resource-efficient flowsheets or unit processes that consume the minimum quantities of reagents and result in minimum waste. The application of a circular approach involves new ways of thinking about how hydrometallurgy is applied for both primary and secondary resources. In either case, the emphasis must be on the regeneration and reuse of every reagent in the process. This refers not only to the acids and bases employed for leaching or pH control, but also any reducing agents, oxidizing agents, and other auxiliary reagents. Likewise, the consumption of water and energy must be reduced to an absolute minimum. To consolidate the concept of circular hydrometallurgical flowsheets, we present the 12 Principles that will boost sustainability: (1) regenerate reagents, (2) close water loops, (3) prevent waste, (4) maximize mass, energy, space, and time efficiency, (5) integrate materials and energy flows, (6) safely dispose of potentially harmful elements, (7) decrease activation energy, (8) electrify processes wherever possible, (9) use benign chemicals, (10) reduce chemical diversity, (11) implement real-time analysis and digital process control, and (12) combine circular hydrometallurgy with zero-waste mining. Although we realize that the choice of these principles is somewhat arbitrary and that other principles could be imagined or some principles could be merged, we are nevertheless convinced that the present framework of these 12 Principles, as put forward in this position paper, provides a powerful tool to show the direction of future research and innovation in hydrometallurgy, both in industry and in academia. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Principle 2: Close Water Loopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

Binnemans

Jones

2022

J. Sustain. Metall.

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“…Considering the relatively low unit price of this commodity (U$168 per dry metric ton of 62.5% Fe ore, in 2021 [18]), the conditions of the drying air, and the scale of the process, drying operations incur high costs for the mining industry. Therefore, studies that offer strategies for efficient use of energy are of paramount interest for this sector [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although drying processes represent a considerable challenge for the mining industry, the existing work concerning drying of mineral products is scarce [19,20]. Considering drying of iron ore, literature focuses on pellets [21][22][23][24][25], while work regarding iron ore fines is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy analysis of the convective drying of iron ore fines

Souza

Sarkis

et al. 2023

CI&CEQ

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Drying operations in iron ore processing plants have a particularly high energy demand due to the massive solid flow rates employed in this industry. A 33 full-factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of air temperature, airflow velocity, and solids load on the drying time and the specific energy consumption (SEC) of the convective drying of iron ore fines in a fixed bed. The results demonstrated that each drying air condition was associated with an optimal solids load that minimized the SEC. A load of 73 g (bed height of about 0.8 cm) was identified and validated as the optimal condition in terms of energy consumption for the configuration with the highest air temperature (90?C) and airflow velocity (4.5 m/s). This condition resulted in a drying time of 29.0 s and a corresponding SEC of 12.8 MJ/kg to reduce the solids moisture content from 0.11 to a target of 0.05 kg water/kg dry solids. The approach presented here for identifying the optimum values for the process variables should assist in the design and operation of energy efficient convective dryers for iron ore fines.

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“…The dehydration process of the automatic pressure filter is relatively complicated, and the stability of the index and the efficiency of the dehydration process are affected by the reasonableness of the control parameter setting of the dehydration process 7 . Thus, the optimization research of the filter press dehydration process control has received an increased attention 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of dewatering process of concentrate pressure filtering by support vector regression

Liu

You

2022

Sci Rep

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This work studies the mechanism and optimization methods of the filter press dehydration process to better improve the efficiency of the concentrate filter press dehydration operation. Machine learning (ML) models of radial basis function (RBF)–OLS, RBF-generalized regression neural network, and support vector regression (SVR) are constructed, and laboratory and industrial simulations are performed separately, finally, optimization methods for the filtration dewatering process are designed and applied. In laboratory, all the machine learning models have obvious mistakes, but it can be seen that SVR has the best simulation effect. In order to achieve the optimization of the entire filtration and dewatering process, we obtained enough data from the industrial filtration and dewatering system, and in the industrial simulation results all the machine learning models performed considerably, SVR achieves the best accuracy in industrial simulation, and the simulated mean relative error of moisture and processing capacity are 1.57% and 3.81%, the model was tested with newly collected industrial data to verify the credibility. The optimal simulation results are obtained by optimization method based on control variables. Results show that the ML method of SVR and optimization methods of control variables applied to the industry not only can save energy consumption and cost but also can improves the efficiency of filter press operation fundamentally, which will provide some options for intelligent dewatering process and other industrial production optimization.

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Advances in dewatering and drying in mineral processing

Cited by 20 publications

References 73 publications

The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

Energy analysis of the convective drying of iron ore fines

Optimization of dewatering process of concentrate pressure filtering by support vector regression

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