Drying operations in iron ore processing plants have a particularly high energy demand due to the massive solid flow rates employed in this industry. A 33 full-factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of air temperature, airflow velocity, and solids load on the drying time and the specific energy consumption (SEC) of the convective drying of iron ore fines in a fixed bed. The results demonstrated that each drying air condition was associated with an optimal solids load that minimized the SEC. A load of 73 g (bed height of about 0.8 cm) was identified and validated as the optimal condition in terms of energy consumption for the configuration with the highest air temperature (90?C) and airflow velocity (4.5 m/s). This condition resulted in a drying time of 29.0 s and a corresponding SEC of 12.8 MJ/kg to reduce the solids moisture content from 0.11 to a target of 0.05 kg water/kg dry solids. The approach presented here for identifying the optimum values for the process variables should assist in the design and operation of energy efficient convective dryers for iron ore fines.
17136 Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy (PtCT) is the standard 1st-line treatment for advanced stage NSCLC patients. Nearly all patients (pts) that respond to 1st-line CT will relapse and some of them will be candidates for 2nd-line CT. There is no consensus definition of sensitive or resistant pts to PtCT and there are conflicting results about the relationship between response to prior PtCT and response to a 2nd-line reexposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of a subset of pts considered sensitive to platinum, who were reexposed to a PtCT regimen as 2nd-line CT. Methods: Based on a criterion of disease progression > 6 months of completing 1st-line as a hallmark platinum-sensitivity, pts were retrospectively selected. We reviewed the outcomes of 11 advanced NSCLC pts (stages IIIB or IV) treated between Jan 2000 and Jun 2005 at 1st-line with a PtCT (cisplatin or carboplatin combined to etoposide) and who upon progression were reexposed to a regimen of Carboplatin plus etoposide. Pts were evaluated for overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after 1st- and 2nd-line CT by Kaplan-Meyer method. Results: There were 6 women (54.5%) and 5 men (45.5%). Median age was 62 (range 49–78) and adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent histology (54.5%). At 1st-line CT, 6 patients (54.5%) were stage IIIB and ECOG PS 0/1 were 36.4 and 63.6%, respectively. The median number of cycles per patient was 6 (range 2–8) at 1st-line and 4 (range 2–4) at 2nd-line treatment. With a median follow-up of 29 months, there were 4 deaths (36.5%) with a median OS of 49 months (CI 95%; 29.38–68.62). The median PFS after first-line was 17 months (IC 95%; 13.87–20.13). To date, 7 pts have progressed after 2nd-line CT with a median PFS of 8 months (IC 95%; 5.92–10.09). Conclusions: This subset of pts with longer progression-free interval (> 6 months) after 1st-line PtCT seems to remain sensitive to platinum compounds upon disease progression. Despite the high proportion of stage III in our sample, based on the long DFS and OS observed, it seems that this population has a more favorable biology than the general population with NSCLC. Further studies, in particular pharmacogenetic analyses, are needed in order to better characterize and treat this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Myostatin is a protein involved in the regulation of myogenesis; animal meat quality can be influenced by its expression. Animals with low myostatin levels have increased muscle mass and are relatively stronger. We analyzed the influence of the addition of soybean, used soybean and palm oils to the diet on Myostatin gene expression in the Logissimus dorsi muscle of sheep reared in the Northeast Amazon region. A basic control diet was elaborated and used with the addition of 4% of the different oils. All animals were slaughtered at a weight of 35 kg and 5 g of Logissumus dorsi muscle was collected and RNA extracted, quantified and a RT-PCR was run. The control diet, without added oil, gave the highest Myostatin expression levels among all treatments. When unused soybean oil was added to the diet, it significantly decreased Myostatin expression and induced muscle hyperplasia, generating animals with greater musculature. The other oils did not significantly affect expresson of this gene.
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