Adjective Check List

Gough, Harrison G.; Heilbrun, Alfred B.

doi:10.1037/t02310-000

Cited by 473 publications

(654 citation statements)

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“…In an earlier study that examined the same hypothesis, subjects twice completed the Adjective Check List (ACL; Gough & Heilbrun, 1983) with a test-retest interval of 3 months separating the two administrations. The results supported the hypothesis; subjects high in private self-consciousness reported more reliably about the self across time than did subjects low in private self-consciousness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private self-consciousness, self-awareness, and the reliability of self-reports.

Nasby

1989

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Two studies found that individuals high in private self-consciousness provide self-reports of greater reliability across time than individuals low in private self-consciousness. In addition, Study 2 found that a successful manipulation of self-awareness did not affect test-retest reliability of self-reports among Ss either high or low in private self-consciousness. The hypothesis that individuals high in private self-consciousness have articulated self-schemata of greater temporal stability than individuals low in private self-consciousness received support. The discussion considers (a) how private selfconsciousness, but not self-awareness, influenced test-retest reliability of self-reports, (b) how private self-consciousness and self-awareness may both influence, albeit differentially, the eriterionrelated validity of self-reports, and (c) the possibility that current models of self-consciousness-selfawareness require reformulation.Private self-consciousness (e.g., Fenigstein, scheier, & Buss, 1975), a cognitive style, denotes habitual attentiveness to or awareness of the self. Since Fenigstein et al. (1975) originally proposed the construct, research has examined numerous correlates of private self-consciousness, which Buss (1980), Carver and Scheier (1981), and scheier and Carver (1983) have reviewed.Not surprisingly, several correlates pertain to the processing of self-referent information. For example, individuals high in private self-consciousness (a) write more detailed self-descriptions (Turner, 1978b), (b) decide more quickly whether trait adjectives describe the self (Mueller, 1982;Turner, 1978c), (c) recall more self-referent material under conditions of incidental learning (Agatstein & Buchanan, 1984; Hull & Levy, 1979, Experiment 1;Turner, 1980), and (d) commit more false alarms to self-descriptive traits but fewer to non-self-descriptive traits during a recognition memory task (Nasby, 1985(Nasby, , 1989) than do individuals low in private self-consciousness.The previous studies have established relations between private self-consciousness and either the accuracy or the efficiency (e.g., speed, productivity) of processing self-referent information. Cognitive tasks that assess either accuracy or efficiency provide two means of inferring the degree to which an articulated schema has guided performance (e.g., Fiske & Taylor, 1984; Kihlstrom & Nasby, 1981;Nasby & Kihlstrom, 1986). Consequently, from the convergent results of the previous studies, several investigators (e.g., Agatstein & Buchanan, 1984;Nasby, 1985) have concluded that individuals high in private self-consciousness have articulated self-schemata (e.g., Kihlstrom & Cantor, 1983;Markus, 1980;Rogers, 1981) 950third means of inferring the degree to which an articulated schema has guided performance (e.g., Fiske & Taylor, 1984;Markus, 1977). Considering the relation between schematic articulation and response consistency, individuals high in private self-consciousness should also process self-referent information more consistently than do i...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private self-consciousness, self-awareness, and the reliability of self-reports.

Nasby

1989

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…TheCPSisa30-itemscale empirically derived from the 300 items of the ACL (Cough & Heilbrun, 1965). Ratings of creativity from expert judges, faculty members, personality-assessment staff members, and life-history interviewers were examined for seven groups of men and five groups of women who had completed the ACL (N = 1,701).…”

Section: Measures and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience.

McCrae¹

1987

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

1,388

933

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Test scores of divergent thinking obtained between 1959 and 1972 were correlated with a variety of personality measures administered since 1980. In this sample of 268 men, divergent thinking was consistently associated with self-reports and ratings of openness to experience, but not with neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, or conscientiousness. Both divergent thinking and openness were also modestly correlated with Cough's (1979) empirically derived Creative Personality Scale. Several other personality variables mentioned in the literature were also examined; those that were associated with divergent thinking were also generally correlated with openness. These data suggest that creativity is particularly related to the personality domain of openness to experience. Although some object that the distinction is artificial (Heim, 1970), cognition and personality have traditionally been seen as distinct domains. Intelligence is construed as a set of aptitudes and abilities; personality is viewed, at least by psychometricians, as a collection of characteristic dispositions. Empirically, there is some justification for the separation. Measures of personality traits typically show very modest correlations with tests of general intelligence (e.g., Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975), and joint factor analyses of personality and cognitive ability variables show that the latter form a distinct factor (McCrae & Costa, 1985b, 1985c). Creativity, however, seems to hold an intermediate position. The novelty and originality of creative productions imply both an ability to think fluently and flexibly and an inclination to do so. A voluminous literature has documented the importance of both these aspects of creativity (Barren & Harrington, 1981). In this article, I attempt to organize the findings on personality characteristics associated with creativity by reference to a wellestablished taxonomy of personality traits. Specifically, I am testing the hypothesis that creativity is uniquely associated with the personality domain of openness to experience. Creativity, Intelligence, and Divergent Thinking Whether creativity should be considered part of general intelligence or a correlate of it or an entirely independent ability is still disputed. Steinberg (1985), for example, studied implicit theories of intelligence, creativity, and wisdom and concluded that "implicit theories are clearly inconsistent with views such as Guilford's (1967), according to which creativity is an aspect of intelligence" (p. 612). Measures of creativity and of intelligence are largely independent within specialized groups (e.g.,

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“…All these methods have been widely described both in English (Gough, 1979;Sternberg, 1999;Simonton, 2000aSimonton, , 2000bRokeach, 1967;Crumbaugh, Wood & Wood, 1980;Gough & Heilbrun, 1983, 2012Wong, 2014), and in Polish (Juros & Oleś 1993;Płużek & Ledwoch, 1994;Popielski, 1994;Brzozowski, 2007;Tucholska, 2009;Mróz, 1995Mróz, , 2008Mróz, , 2011Martowska, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal research into purpose in life in outstanding Polish actors

Mróz¹

2017

Polish Journal of Applied Psychology

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1Longitudinal research into purpose in life in outstanding Polish actors Streszczenie Badania podłużne w obszarze osobowości i aksjologii mają za zadanie stwierdzać jakie różnice, podobieństwa i zmiany zaszły w tych obszarach. Artykuł podejmuje temat charakteru zmian w poczuciu sensu życia w oparciu o prezentację autorskiego Modelu Osobowościowo-Aksjologicznego (MOA) w grupie dwóch pokoleń aktorów polskich. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań podłużnych i zastosowanych analiz stwierdzono istnienie wpływu zmiennych pochodzących z obszaru kompetencji, relacji i autonomii (składowe MOA), na sfery poczucia sensu życia (afirmacja życia, akceptacja siebie, świadomość celu, poczucie wolności, ocena przyszłości, stosunek wobec śmierci). Ciekawym zagadnieniem okazała się sama zawartość i poziom podobieństw i różnic w obrębie dwóch różnych generacji aktorów. Uzyskane wyniki w tym zakresie przyczyniły się do poszerzenia wiedzy na temat rozwoju człowieka twórczego. Słowa kluczowebadania podłużne, kompetencje, relacje, autonomia, poczucie sensu życia AbstractThe aim of longitudinal research into personality and axiology is to detect what differences, similarities and changes have occurred in these areas over a period of time. The article examines the character of changes in purpose in life in two generations of Polish actors on the basis of the author's Personality and Axiological Model (MOA). The longitudinal studies and analyses conducted confirmed the influence of variables related to competence, relationships and autonomy (MOA components) on purpose in life spheres (affirmation of life, self-acceptance, goal orientation, sense of freedom, outlook for the future, attitude to death, univariate model). The study produced interesting results in the character and level of similarities and differences between two different generations of actors, which gives insight into the development of a creative person.

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Adjective Check List

Cited by 473 publications

References 0 publications

Private self-consciousness, self-awareness, and the reliability of self-reports.

Private self-consciousness, self-awareness, and the reliability of self-reports.

Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience.

Longitudinal research into purpose in life in outstanding Polish actors

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