Adiponectin and its receptors: implications for obesity-associated diseases and longevity

From leptin to other adipokines in health and disease: Facts and expectations at the beginning of the 21st century

“…19 mortality [31] these data support the concept that adiponectin has a potential beneficial role in extending life span [145].…”

“…The molecule which has been given the name AdipoRon significantly improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in mice, thereby extending lifespan of db/db mice on a high-fat diet [87,143]. The observation that agonists of the adiponectin receptor may have beneficial effects on increasing longevity in a mouse model of obesity provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that higher circulating adiponectin levels are associated with prolonged life expectancy under conditions of shortened life span due to obesity-related diseases [143][144][145]. In this context, increased adiponectin levels are associated with extended longevity in mice [145][146][147][148].…”

“…The observation that agonists of the adiponectin receptor may have beneficial effects on increasing longevity in a mouse model of obesity provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that higher circulating adiponectin levels are associated with prolonged life expectancy under conditions of shortened life span due to obesity-related diseases [143][144][145]. In this context, increased adiponectin levels are associated with extended longevity in mice [145][146][147][148]. Transgenic mice expressing high levels of human adiponectin have increased longevity [146] and various mouse models of extended longevity including fat-specific insulin receptor knockout mice [147], mice with defects in growth hormone production [148], and calorie-restricted mice [149] have increased adiponectin.…”

Adipokines in health and disease

“…Very recently, it was demonstrated that so-called 'AdipoRon', an orally active, synthetic small-molecule adiponectin receptor agonist, significantly improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in mice [45]. In high fat-fed db/db mice, treatment with AdipoRon extended longevity [45] supporting previous suggestions that high adiponectin serum concentrations are associated with prolonged life span in obesity [46]. Of note, adiponectin levels have been shown to inversely correlate with obesity, visceral fat distribution, T2DM, and other obesity-related diseases [32,39,43].…”

Concentrating carbohydrates before sleep improves feeding regulation and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice

“…Indeed, higher serum adiponectin levels alongside higher expression of its dominant receptor in peripheral tissues (i.e. ADIPOR2 in the liver, ADI-POR1 and ADIPOR2 in the muscle and ADIPOR1 in adipose tissue) (Almabouada et al, 2013;Christiansen et al, 2010;de Oliveira et al, 2011;Gomez-Abellan et al, 2010;Kadowaki et al, 2014;Yamauchi et al, 2014;Yamauchi and Kadowaki, 2013) were observed in CCDfed mice. This up-regulation of adiponectin signaling triggered the activation of the catabolic AMPK-ACC axis.…”