Concentrating carbohydrates before sleep improves feeding regulation and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice

Sofer, Sigal; Eliraz, A; Madar, Zecharia; Froy, Oren

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.032

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Intervention studies by Sofer et al . confirm the beneficial effect of carbohydrate consumption in the evening (end of the active phase)1617. Eating carbohydrates mostly at dinner within a hypocaloric diet led to more pronounced weight loss, reduced hunger scores and improved metabolic status in obese subjects16.…”

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confidence: 57%

“…Eating carbohydrates mostly at dinner within a hypocaloric diet led to more pronounced weight loss, reduced hunger scores and improved metabolic status in obese subjects16. Similarly, carbohydrate consumption at end of the active phase resulted in the improved feeding regulation and amelioration of inflammatory parameters in mice17. An improvement of glycaemic control was also observed when carbohydrates were mainly eaten at dinner and protein mainly at lunch18.…”

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confidence: 93%

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The effect of diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on glycaemic control in humans: a randomized controlled trial

Keßler

Hornemann

Petzke

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Diurnal carbohydrate and fat distribution modulates glycaemic control in rodents. In humans, the optimal timing of both macronutrients and its effects on glycaemic control after prolonged consumption are not studied in detail. In this cross-over trial, 29 non-obese men were randomized to two four-week diets: (1) carbohydrate-rich meals until 13.30 and fat-rich meals between 16.30 and 22.00 (HC/HF) versus (2) inverse sequence of meals (HF/HC). After each trial period two meal tolerance tests were performed, at 09.00 and 15.40, respectively, according to the previous intervention. On the HF/HC diet, whole-day glucose level was increased by 7.9% (p = 0.026) in subjects with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IFG/IGT, n = 11), and GLP-1 by 10.2% (p = 0.041) in normal glucose-tolerant subjects (NGT, n = 18). Diet effects on fasting GLP-1 (p = 0.009) and PYY (p = 0.034) levels were observed in IFG/IGT, but not in NGT. Afternoon decline of glucose tolerance was more pronounced in IFG/IGT and associated with a stronger decrease of postprandial GLP-1 and PYY levels, but not with changes of cortisol rhythm. In conclusion, the HF/HC diet shows an unfavourable effect on glycaemic control in IFG/IGT, but not in NGT subjects. Consequently, large, carbohydrate-rich dinners should be avoided, primarily by subjects with impaired glucose metabolism.

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confidence: 57%

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confidence: 93%

The effect of diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on glycaemic control in humans: a randomized controlled trial

Keßler

Hornemann

Petzke

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The experimental group also displayed increased insulin sensitivity and improved metabolic and inflammatory status. In order to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying these beneficial changes, the same authors performed a similar experiment in mice . Like in the human dietary intervention study, feeding diet‐induced obese mice a carbohydrate‐concentrated diet before sleep resulted in decreased body weight and fat mass.…”

Section: Chronobiological Approaches To Tackle Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronobesity: role of the circadian system in the obesity epidemic

2015

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Although obesity is considered to result from an imbalance between energy uptake and energy expenditure, the strategy of dietary changes and physical exercise has failed to tackle the global obesity epidemic. In search of alternative and more adequate treatment options, research has aimed at further unravelling the mechanisms underlying this excessive weight gain. While numerous studies are focusing on the neuroendocrine alterations that occur after bariatric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, an increasing amount of chronobiological studies have started to raise awareness concerning the pivotal role of the circadian system in the development and exacerbation of obesity. This internal timekeeping mechanism rhythmically regulates metabolic and physiological processes in order to meet the fluctuating demands in energy use and supply throughout the 24-h day. This review elaborates on the extensive bidirectional interaction between the circadian system and metabolism and explains how disruption of body clocks by means of shift work, frequent time zone travelling or non-stop consumption of calorie-dense foods can evoke detrimental metabolic alterations that contribute to obesity. Altering the body's circadian rhythms by means of time-related dietary approaches (chrononutrition) or pharmacological substances (chronobiotics) may therefore represent a novel and interesting way to prevent or treat obesity and associated comorbidities.

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“…29 Animal and human evidence has shown that taking certain specific macronutrients in greater or lesser quantities at different meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) affects the risk of overweight or obesity and the development of metabolic complications differently. [30][31][32][33] An observational study conducted on a group of 872 adults (32 healthy subjects, 367 subjects with overweight, and 273 subjects with obesity) analysed the relationship between meal timing and BMI as a function of chronotype and the associations between obesity and the timing of individual macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats). 29 The results showed that the highest quintile of the percentage of carbohydrates consumed in the morning time window was associated with an 80% reduction in the likelihood of being subjected to obesity and overweight.…”

Section: Impact Of the Distribution Of Macronutrient Intake During Th...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrononutrition in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: A narrative review

Verde,

Di Lorenzo,

Savastano

et al. 2024

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Chrononutrition is a nutritional regimen that follows our biological clock, marked by the changes in metabolism that occur during the day. This regimen includes the distribution of energy, the regularity and frequency of meals, and the importance of these factors for metabolic health. A growing body of animal and human evidence indicates that the timing of food intake throughout the day can have a significant and beneficial impact on the metabolic health and well‐being of individuals. In particular, both the timing and frequency of meals have been associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions. Today's busy lifestyle makes many people skip breakfast and eat late at night. Eating late at night has been shown to cause a circadian misalignment, with the latter having a negative impact on weight control and glucose metabolism. Additionally, some studies have found a relatively strong association between skipping breakfast and insulin resistance, and T2DM. Against the backdrop of escalating obesity and T2DM rates, coupled with the recognized influence of food timing on disease evolution and control, this review aimed to synthesize insights from epidemiological and intervention studies of the interplay of timing of food intake and macronutrient consumption, reporting their impact on obesity and T2DM.

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Concentrating carbohydrates before sleep improves feeding regulation and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

The effect of diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on glycaemic control in humans: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on glycaemic control in humans: a randomized controlled trial

Chronobesity: role of the circadian system in the obesity epidemic

Chrononutrition in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: A narrative review

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