Adhesion molecule antagonists: future therapies for allergic diseases?

Wein, Michael; Bochner, Bruce S.

doi:10.1183/09031936.93.06091239

Eur Respir J

1993

DOI: 10.1183/09031936.93.06091239

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Adhesion molecule antagonists: future therapies for allergic diseases?

Michael Wein¹,

Bruce S. Bochner²

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Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

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Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression in Scleritis

Sangwan

Merchant²,

Maza³

et al. 1998

Arch Ophthalmol

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Objective: To analyze the expression and cellular distribution of intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Eselectin (endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, very late antigen 4, and lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) in diseased and normal human sclera. Methods: Monoclonal antibodies to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, very late antigen 4, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, LFA-1, and E-selectin were used to perform immunohistochemical staining on frozen sections of 16 cryopreserved human sclera specimens and 5 conjunctival specimens. Results: The normal human sclera did not express any of the adhesion molecules. The expression of LFA-1 was dramatic in all the scleral and conjunctival specimens on

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Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression in Scleritis

Sangwan

Merchant²,

Maza³

et al. 1998

Arch Ophthalmol

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Immunocompetent cells of the upper airway: Functions in normal and diseased mucosa

Brandtzæg

1995

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Secretory immunity is central in primary defense of the airway mucosa. B cells involved in this local immune system are initially stimulated in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, including tonsils and adenoids, and then migrate to secretory effector sites where they become immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing plasma cells. Locally produced Ig consists mainly of J-chain-containing dimers and larger polymers of IgA (pIgA) that are selectively transported through glandular cells by an epithelial receptor called secretory component or pIgR. Secretory antibodies perform surface protection by immune exclusion of soluble antigens as well as infectious agents. IgG can also participate in this primary defense because it reaches secretions by passive diffusion similar to IgE. However, the inflammatory properties of antibodies belonging to the latter two classes explain their involvement in mucosal immunopathology when elimination of penetrating antigens is unsuccessful. T helper (Th) cells activated in this process may by a Th2 profile of cytokines promote persistent inflammation with extravasation and priming of eosinophils. This mechanism appears to occur in the late-phase allergic reaction, perhaps driven mainly by interleukin-4 (IL-4) released from mast cells subjected to IgE-mediated degranulation. Eosinophils are potentially tissue-destructive cells, particularly after priming with IL-5. Cytokines also up-regulate adhesion molecules on vascular endothelium and epithelium, thereby enhancing migration of eosinophils and other leukocytes into the mucosa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Implicating adhesion molecules in nasal allergic inflammation

Baroody

Lee

Lim

et al. 1995

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Allergic rhinitis is now considered an inflammatory disorder where many leukocyte types, including eosinophils and T-lymphocytes, accumulate in increased numbers. Along with mast cells and other cells, they release a wide variety of mediators, cytokines, and granule constituents that can directly cause inflammation or activate the local vascular endothelium to further enhance the recruitment of leukocytes through the expression and function of adhesion molecules. While the understanding of the importance of leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecules is still at a very early stage, recent evidence has already begun to implicate these cell surface molecules in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as rhinitis and asthma. Additional studies, including the use of adhesion molecule antagonists when available, will clarify the importance of these structures in the pathophysiology of these disorders.

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Adhesion molecule antagonists: future therapies for allergic diseases?

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression in Scleritis

Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression in Scleritis

Immunocompetent cells of the upper airway: Functions in normal and diseased mucosa

Implicating adhesion molecules in nasal allergic inflammation

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