ADHD and subthreshold symptoms in childhood and life outcomes at 40 years in a prospective birth-risk cohort

Schiavone, Nella; Virta, Maarit; Leppämäki, Sami; Launes, Jyrki; Vanninen, Ritva; Tuulio‐Henriksson, Annamari; Immonen, Satu; Järvinen, Ilkka; Lehto, Eliisa; Michelsson, Katarina; Hokkanen, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112574

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Importantly, childhood ADHD case status in this study was based on rating scale results only, while age 18 case status was based on a structured interview. Most recently, Schiavone et al (2019) compared outcomes for a small group of subjects with childhood ADHD (n = 37) or subthreshold childhood ADHD (n = 64), from a cohort of subjects with increased perinatal risk. At age 40 years, childhood ADHD cases experienced lower educational attainment, worse executive function and higher rates of drug use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children With ADHD Are at Risk for a Broad Array of Adverse Adult Outcomes That Cross Functional Domains: Results From a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study

et al. 2020

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Objective: To identify patterns (“classes”) of outcomes for adults with and without childhood ADHD. Method: Subjects were 232 childhood ADHD cases and 335 non-ADHD referents from a 1976 to 1982 birth cohort. We used latent class analyses to identify classes based on a broad array of adult psychosocial outcomes and determined the proportion of subjects with childhood ADHD within each class. Results: A three class solution provided optimal model fit; classes were termed “good,” “intermediate,” and “poor” functioning. Subjects with childhood ADHD comprised 62.8% of the “poor,” 53.5% of the “intermediate,” and 24.9% of the “good” functioning class. The “poor” functioning class was distinguished by increased likelihood of legal trouble and substance use disorders and included more individuals with childhood ADHD and psychiatric disorder than the “intermediate” class (45.5% vs. 30.6%). Conclusion: Children with ADHD are at risk for adverse adult outcomes in multiple domains and co-morbid childhood psychiatric disorders increase risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children With ADHD Are at Risk for a Broad Array of Adverse Adult Outcomes That Cross Functional Domains: Results From a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study

et al. 2020

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“…We found that a dimensional view fitted well with characteristics of the present sample, containing a population-based control sample and an ADHD sample where only a minority reported a childhood diagnosis. Therefore, our sample may both have included controls with a subthreshold childhood ADHD diagnosis and adult onset cases within the ADHD group (Moffitt et al, 2015;Schiavone et al, 2019). By this, reports from our sample covered almost the whole range of scores across the ADHD symptom scales, and gave results opposing a strict boarder between reports from the two groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia, Alcohol Consumption and ADHD Symptoms in Adults

2020

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Introduction: Substance use disorders and insomnia are common in the general population, and particularly among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we investigated the relationship between insomnia, alcohol consumption and ADHD symptoms.Methods: Adults with an ADHD diagnosis (n = 235, 41.3% males) and controls (n = 184, 38% males) completed a questionnaire assessing insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale), alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), and current ADHD symptoms (Adult ADHD Self-report Scale). The majority of the sample (95%) gave additional information about childhood ADHD symptoms (Wender Utah Rating Scale), and information about lifetime occurrence of an internalizing disorder was included as part of background information.Results: Compared to controls, the ADHD group reported a higher frequency of insomnia, a higher quantity of consumed alcohol and a higher frequency of internalizing disorders. Current and childhood ADHD symptoms were more severe in those with than without insomnia. Scores on ADHD symptom scales were explained by the presence of insomnia and internalizing disorders, while the contribution from alcohol consumption was restricted to the control group. Discussion: The high functional impact of insomnia, alcohol misuse and internalizing disorders is well known. The present study contributed by focusing on their relations to ADHD symptoms, and by showing that strong relations were not restricted to adults with a clinical ADHD diagnosis. By this, the results put a critical light on a categorical delineation between adults with an ADHD diagnosis and population selected controls, and call for further studies including dimensional metrics of ADHD symptoms and cooccurring problems.

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“…The worldwide prevalence of children with ADHD is around 5%. 4 Two-thirds of this population presents comorbidities, particularly externalizing behavior problems, such as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CT), with up to 40%, in addition to internalizing problems, including anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders, which affect up to 50% of these cases. 5 A study carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, showed that ADHD in childhood is associated with impairment in academic performance, family interaction, peer relationships, and self-esteem, as well as a worsening in quality of life (QoL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: association with quality of life and behavioral aspects

Oliveira

Marinho

Lemos

2022

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To identify associations between clinical characteristics of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their sociodemographic aspects, quality of life, and results from the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Methods: This is an observational analytical cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample consisting of 72 children diagnosed with ADHD, aged 6 to 13 years, treated at 2 neuropediatric outpatient clinics. The instruments used were the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV (MTA-SNAP-IV), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB), and the Quality of Life Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (AUQEI). We performed descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses, considering a 5% significance level. Results: SDQ results were associated with abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV results (inattentive/hyperactive/combined). A 1-point increment in the SDQ score increased by 36.5% the likelihood of the child having an abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV classification. Regarding AUQEI, 30.6% of participants perceived their quality of life as poor and 69.4% as good. Conclusions: A higher SDQ score increased the child's chance of having an abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV result.

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ADHD and subthreshold symptoms in childhood and life outcomes at 40 years in a prospective birth-risk cohort

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Children With ADHD Are at Risk for a Broad Array of Adverse Adult Outcomes That Cross Functional Domains: Results From a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study

Children With ADHD Are at Risk for a Broad Array of Adverse Adult Outcomes That Cross Functional Domains: Results From a Population-Based Birth Cohort Study

Insomnia, Alcohol Consumption and ADHD Symptoms in Adults

Clinical characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: association with quality of life and behavioral aspects

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