Adaptive Event-Triggered Load Frequency Control for Interconnected Microgrids by Observer-Based Sliding Mode Control

Abstract

This paper focuses on the load frequency control (LFC) for a multi-area interconnected microgrid power system with the introduction of communication networks, a robust sliding mode control strategy based on the adaptive event-triggered mechanism is proposed against the frequency deviation caused by power unbalance or time delays. First, a three-area power system attached to renewable energies and energy storage is considered, the corresponding LFC model is established. Second, the networked control is introduced into the LFC scheme, and the adaptive trigger mechanism which can adaptively adjust the event-triggered threshold is designed to improve the data transmission efficiency, the LFC scheme with network induced delays is formulated. Third, the Luenberger observer is designed to estimate the state errors and to facilitate the design of the sliding surface, the overall closed-loop system asymptotically stable and robust performance are analyzed by solving linear matrix inequalities. Then the control law is proved that the system state trajectory can be driven into the designed sliding surface in a limited time. Finally, some simulation experiments are given, and the results show that the proposed method is effective and has excellent robust performance. INDEX TERMS Microgrid power system, load frequency control, event-triggered control, robust performance, sliding mode observer.

Adaptive Event-Triggered Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Systems Under Networked Environment via Sliding Mode Control

“…Remark 2: The benefit of the event-triggered scheme is that the transmission of the signal packets depends on a statedependent threshold relative to the period communication scheme. Additional, the adaptive parament λ(t k h) is considered in this paper,which can be adaptively modified according to the circumstances [21]. In this adaptive event-triggered scheme, the smaller λ(t k+1 h) is applied to set more transmission signal packets, which can increase the transmission frequency.…”

“…However, the above researches about the event-triggered scheme are all predesigned. To improve this and save more network utilization, the adaptive event-triggered scheme [21], [22] in which the event-triggered threshold can be adaptively modified according to the previous and present transmitted signal packets is investigated in this paper.…”

Event‐triggered based decentralised control for frequency regulation of power systems

“…In ETC, a periodic sampling is done and the sample is sent only if certain condition, known as event condition, is violated. Some instances of implementation of ETC for LFC systems were reported in [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In [19], an event-based output feedback PI controller is implemented for multi-area LFC systems.…”

Emergency wind power plant re‐dispatching against transmission system cascading failures using reverse tracking of line power flow

“…A variety of significant achievements have been made for the LFC task in the power systems using wellknown control theories. Recently, advanced control techniques have attracted the attention of more researches, such as robust control theories [6][7][8], model predictive control [6,[9][10][11][12], sliding mode control [13], neural network control [14][15][16]. The majority of relevant literature merely concentrate on frequency regulation and optimisation of control action, but the impact of protection system is overlooked in most of cases.…”