Adaptive Event-Triggered Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Systems Under Networked Environment via Sliding Mode Control

Lv, Xinxin; Sun, Yonghui; Wang, Yi; Dinavahi, Venkata

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2992663

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Lemma 1 [36]: Let Z 1 = Z T 1 , 0 < Z 2 = Z T 2 and Z 3 be real matrices of appropriate dimensions, then…”

Section: Markov Model Considering Time Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fractional‐order global sliding surface is defined as

\begin{matrix} true \\ right s false(t false) & = & left G x (t) - \int_{0}^{t} G (A - B K C) x (τ) d τ \\ left - f (t) + μ D^{α_{1} - 1} x (t), \end{matrix}

where

f (t)

is a function designed specially to achieve global sliding mode,

K

means the controller gain to be designed, and

μ

denotes the coefficient of fractional‐order term. According to the definition of

f (t)

in [36], it can be designed as following:

\begin{matrix} true \\ right f (t) = f (0) e^{- l t}, \end{matrix}

where

l > 0

.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lemma 1 [36]: Let

Z_{1} = Z_{1}^{T}, 0 < Z_{2} = Z_{2}^{T}

and

Z_{3}

be real matrices of appropriate dimensions, then

Z_{1} + Z_{3}^{T} Z_{2}^{- 1} Z_{3} < 0

, if and only if

[\begin{matrix} Z_{1} & Z_{3}^{T} \\ Z_{3} & - Z_{2} \end{matrix}] < 0

[\begin{matrix} - Z_{2} & Z_{3} \\ Z_{3}^{T} & Z_{1} \end{matrix}] < 0

.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Robust load frequency control for networked power system with renewable energy via fractional‐order global sliding mode control

Sun

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Owing to random load changes and transmission time delays in interconnected power systems with renewable energy, the load frequency control scheme has become one of the main methods to keep stability and security of power systems. To relieve communication burden and increase network utilisation, an adaptive event-triggered scheme is explored. Then, a new fractional-order global sliding mode control scheme comprising the fractional-order term in the sliding surface is adopted to improve robustness of load frequency control. The fractional-order term generates a new degree of freedom and more adjustable parameters to improve control performance. Furthermore, the Markov theory is applied in the modelling process to better describe the uncertainty of parameters and external disturbances. The stability and stabilisation criteria for multi-area power systems load frequency control are put forward by employing the improved Lyapunov function and integral inequalities with auxiliary functions. Finally, two simulation examples containing a two-area power system and modified IEEE 39-bus New England test power system with three wind farms are presented to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Lemma 1 [36]: Let Z 1 = Z T 1 , 0 < Z 2 = Z T 2 and Z 3 be real matrices of appropriate dimensions, then…”

Section: Markov Model Considering Time Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fractional‐order global sliding surface is defined as

\begin{matrix} true \\ right s false(t false) & = & left G x (t) - \int_{0}^{t} G (A - B K C) x (τ) d τ \\ left - f (t) + μ D^{α_{1} - 1} x (t), \end{matrix}

where

f (t)

is a function designed specially to achieve global sliding mode,

K

means the controller gain to be designed, and

μ

denotes the coefficient of fractional‐order term. According to the definition of

f (t)

in [36], it can be designed as following:

\begin{matrix} true \\ right f (t) = f (0) e^{- l t}, \end{matrix}

where

l > 0

.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Robust load frequency control for networked power system with renewable energy via fractional‐order global sliding mode control

Sun

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the literature, several featured intelligent techniques have been proposed for LFC functionality, such as the robust control systems [4], [5], internal model controllers (IMC) [6], sliding mode controllers [7], adaptive controllers [8], intelligent control systems [9], linear matrix inequalities controllers [10], etc. In addition, fuzzy logic controllers [11], variable structure controllers [12], model-predictive controllers [13], disturbance rejection controllers have been also proposed for performing various LFC functions [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Hybrid Fractional Order Controller for Frequency Regulation in Multi-Area Power Systems

et al. 2020

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Multi-area power systems inhere complicated nonlinear response, which results in degraded performance due to the insufficient damping. The main causes of the damping problems are the stochastic behavior of the renewable energy sources, loading conditions, and the variations of system parameters. The load frequency control (LFC) represents an essential element for controlling multi-area power systems. Therefore, the proper design of the controllers is mandatory for preserving reliable, stable and high-quality electrical power. The controller has to suppress the deviations of the area frequency in addition to the tie-line power. Therefore, this paper proposes a new frequency regulation method based on employing the hybrid fractional order controller for the LFC side in coordination with the fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller for the superconducting energy storage system (SMES) side. The hybrid controller is designed based on combining the FOPID and the tilt integral derivative (TID) controllers. In addition, the controller parameters are optimized through a new application of the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm (MRFO) for determining the optimum parameters of the LFC system and the SMES controllers. The optimally-designed controllers have operated cooperatively and hence the deviations of the area frequency and tie-line power are efficiently suppressed. The robustness of the proposed controllers is investigated against the variation of the power system parameters in addition to the location and/or magnitude of random/step load disturbances.

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“…Load frequency control (LFC) is one of the crucial power system control strategies which can be applied to regulate the frequency fluctuations [1][2][3]. Minimising the unexpected tie-line power flows and frequency variations between interconnected neighbouring areas, attaining optimal transient behaviour in the presence of prescribed overshoot and keeping robustness under modelling uncertainties and non-linearities are all the objectives of LFC [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event‐triggered load frequency control for multi‐area power systems based on Markov model: a global sliding mode control approach

Sun

Cao

et al. 2020

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

Self Cite

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In this study, a new method is put forward for the stability and stabilisation analysis of the event-triggered load frequency control (LFC) with interval time-varying delays, considering the global sliding mode controller. To lighten the network bandwidth and save more limited networked resources, the event-triggered scheme is optimised through quantum genetic algorithm, according to different circumstances. Additionally, global sliding mode control (GSMC) scheme is proposed to provide stronger robustness performance, which against the frequency deviation caused by power unbalance or transmission time delays better. Based on the proposed schemes, multi-area LFC for the power system model is formulated as a Markov jump linear system model, considering transmission time delays and external disturbances. By applying improved Lyapunov stability theory, criteria about the stability and stabilisation conditions for multi-area power system can be deduced in terms of linear matrix inequality. Finally, to validate a more realistic LFC application, the proposed event-triggered GSMC is also deployed on Kundur's two-area test system. Simulation studies are carried out to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the developed schemes.

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Adaptive Event-Triggered Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Systems Under Networked Environment via Sliding Mode Control

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

Robust load frequency control for networked power system with renewable energy via fractional‐order global sliding mode control

Robust load frequency control for networked power system with renewable energy via fractional‐order global sliding mode control

An Optimized Hybrid Fractional Order Controller for Frequency Regulation in Multi-Area Power Systems

Event‐triggered load frequency control for multi‐area power systems based on Markov model: a global sliding mode control approach

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