Adaptation, validity and reliability of the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish version based on Turkish university students and workers / Üniversite öğrencileri ve çalışanları örnekleminde Leahy Duygusal Şema Ölçeği’nin Türkçe uyarlaması, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği

Abstract

Adaptation, validity and reliability of the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish version based on Turkish university students and workers Objective: Emotional schema concept is developed for determining beliefs and attributions about emotions. The aim of this study was to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of "Leahy Emotional Schema Scale" (LESS). Method: The sample consisted of 436 participants including students, workers and their relatives from various faculties of two Turkish universities. Translation, back-translation and pilot assessment of LESS Turkish version completed. Socio-demographic data form, LESS Turkish version and short form of the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30) were administered to participants. For reliability of LESS test-retest correlation, split-half technique, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and item-dimension total score correlations were used. Principal component analysis and varimax rotation used for factor analysis and Pearson correlation analysis was used for convergent and divergent validity. Results: The mean age of participants was 22.5±4.84 years (age range: 18-53 years) and 51.1% (n=223) were female. Statistically significant results supported LESS Turkish version's reliability. Item-dimension total score correlation analyses revealed statistically significant correlation coefficients that show high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.86). Factor analysis revealed that LESS Turkish version, as the original version, had 14 dimensions, and these explained 56.8% of the total variance. In five dimensions, factor analysis showed inconsistency with original version of LESS. For convergent and divergent validity, we compared related subscales of LESS and MCQ-30 and revealed significant relations. Conclusion:The results of this study show that the Turkish version of LESS is a reliable and valid scale for the assessment of beliefs and attributions about emotions on non-clinical population. Key words: Emotional processing, schema, metacognitive ÖZET Üniversite öğrencileri ve çalışanları örnekleminde Leahy Duygusal Şema Ölçeği'nin Türkçe uyarlaması, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği Amaç: Duygusal şema kavramı duygularla ilgili inançları ve tutumları belirleyebilmek amacıyla geliştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma, Leahy Duygusal Şema Ölçeği'nin (LDŞÖ) Türkçe'ye uyarlanmasını, Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin analiz edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Araştırma, iki ildeki üniversite öğrencileri, öğrenci yakınları ve çalışanlarından oluşan 436 gönüllü katı-lımcı üzerinde yapıldı. LDŞÖ'nün Türkçeye çevrilmesi aşamasında çeviri, geri çeviri ve pilot uygulama yapılarak ölçeğe son biçimi verildi. Katılımcılara; sosyodemografik özellikler formu, LDŞÖ ve Üst-Biliş Ölçeği-30 (ÜBÖ-30) uygulandı. LDŞÖ'nün güvenilirliği; test-tekrar test, test yarılama, Cronbach alfa katsayısı ve madde-alt boyut toplam puan korelasyonu ile analiz edildi. Faktör analizinde temel bileşenler yöntemi ve varimax rotasyonu kullanıldı. Örtüşme ve ayrışma geçerliliğini belirlemek için Pears...

The Relationship Between Anxiety Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Emotional Schemas in Patients Admitted to Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic

“…In a study by Yavuz et al, it was shown that making sense of emotions and accepting emotions were beneficial in improving anxiety and depression [18]. In our study, the fact that people who use the Acceptance of Emotions schemas have less anxiety symptoms supports the literature [9] and it is seen as the first step towards change and treatment for people to accept and understand their symptoms and emotions [9].…”

“…The Denial of Emotions and Emotional Weakness, which are emotional schemas, are not present in the original form of the scale, only in the Turkish version. Yavuz et al, who conducted the validity and reliability study in Turkish, stated that cultural characteristics were at the forefront of these subgroups [18]. Although denial of emotions was higher in patients with high anxiety symptoms, as expected, our study showed that denial of emotions had a reducing effect on the occurrence of anxiety symptoms.…”

“…The Validation subscale includes an emphasis on how valid the person finds their feelings. Although Validation is a functional schema sub-dimension, a significant positive correlation was found between this schema and anxiety in our study [9,18]. Further studies with different scales are needed to explain the relationship between the Validation subscale and anxiety.…”

“…The scale does not have a total score scoring method, rather the trends in the sub-dimensions are taken into account. A study on the validity and reliability of the scale in Turkish was conducted by Yavuz et al [18]. Correlation analysis showed that the internal validity of the scale was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.86).…”

Investigation of emotional schemas between adolescents and their mothers

“…In some studies, a composite score of LESS called "Negative Beliefs of Emotions" is used by adding the subscales scores (16). The reliability and validity study of the LESS-T was conducted by Yavuz et al (20), who reported the alpha coefficient to be 0.86 for the total scale, which includes 14 subdimensions. Emotional avoidance, weakness, view of emotions as harmful, discrepancy, and denial of emotions have been demonstrated in the Turkish version of the scale.…”