Adaptation of a natural reassortant H5N2 avian influenza virus in mice

Li, Qunhui; Wang, Xuan; Zhong, Lei; Wang, Xiaoquan; Sun, Zhongtao; Zhao, Guimin; Cui, Zhu; Jun, Zhu; Gu, Minghong; Liu, Xiaowen; Liu, Xiufan

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.018

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The HPAI H5N8 virus caused severe clinical disease in mice but only at high-inoculation dosages2930. However, the H5N8 viruses used here demonstrated lethal pathogenicity within 5 dpi in 2 sequential passages at low-inoculation dosage, while generally, HPAI and LPAI viruses demonstrated detectably increased virulence after 5 or more passages in mice2450515253. The rapid acquisition of virulence by the H5N8 viruses implies increased pandemic potential, especially with worldwide spread and rapid evolution454.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Rapid acquisition of polymorphic virulence markers during adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in the mouse

Choi

Baek

Kwon

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Asia and its spread to Europe and North America has caused great concern for human health. Although the H5N8 virus has been only moderately pathogenic to mammalian hosts, virulence can still increase. We evaluated the pathogenic potential of several H5N8 strains via the mouse-adaptation method. Two H5N8 viruses were sequentially passaged in BALB/c mice and plaque-purified from lung samples. The viruses rapidly obtained high virulence (MLD50, up to 0.5 log10 PFU/mL) within 5 passages. Sequence analysis revealed the acquisition of several virulence markers, including the novel marker P708S in PB1 gene. Combinations of markers synergistically enhanced viral replication and polymerase activity in human cell lines and virulence and multiorgan dissemination in mice. These results suggest that H5N8 viruses can rapidly acquire virulence markers in mammalian hosts; thus, rapid spread as well as repeated viral introduction into the hosts may significantly increase the risk of human infection and elevate pandemic potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Rapid acquisition of polymorphic virulence markers during adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in the mouse

Choi

Baek

Kwon

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…H5N2 and H5N6 viruses are known to have increased virulence and replication efficiency in mice (Li et al, 2014, 2015). In our study, rH5N1, rH5N6, ΔrH5N6, and rH5N8 were highly virulent, while rH5N2 showed moderate virulence in mice (Katz et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Characterizations of H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses Embodying Different Neuraminidases

Zhang

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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The H5 subtype virus of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus has caused huge economic losses to the poultry industry and is a threat to human health. Until 2010, H5N1 subtype virus was the major genotype in China. Since 2011, reassortant H5N2, H5N6, and H5N8 viruses were identified in domestic poultry in China. The clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 and H5N8 AIV has now spread to most of China. Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 virus has caused 17 human deaths. However, the prevalence, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of the distinct NA reassortment with H5 subtypes viruses (H5Nx) is unknown. We constructed five clade 2.3.4.4 reassortant H5Nx viruses that shared the same HA and six internal gene segments. The NA gene segment was replaced with N1, N2, N6, ΔN6 (with an 11 amino acid deletion at the 58th to 68th of NA stalk region), and N8 strains, respectively. The reassortant viruses with distinct NAs of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 subtype had different degrees of fitness. All reassortant H5Nx viruses formed plaques on MDCK cell monolayers, but the ΔH5N6 grew more efficiently in mammalian and avian cells. The reassortant H5Nx viruses were more virulent in mice as compared to the H5N2 virus. The H5N6 and H5N8 reassortant viruses exhibited enhanced pathogenicity and transmissibility in chickens as compared to the H5N1 reassortant virus. We suggest that comprehensive surveillance work should be undertaken to monitor the H5Nx viruses.

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“…One Chinese mutated H5N2 influenza virus even possessed a multiple basic motif at the HA cleavage site [61]. These novel mutated H5N2 viruses may be able to adapt by mutation in a mammalian host, which highlights the potential threat to humans [62]. In the early 1990s, the USA evaluated recombinant vaccines containing fowl pox virus with the AI H5 gene.…”

Section: Subtype H5n2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Veterinary Influenza Vaccines Against Avian Influenza in China

Fan¹,

Hu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Future Virol.

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Avian influenza (AI) is an infectious viral illness that affects numerous species of birds, including chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese. Poultry vaccination plays an important role for control of the AI virus and effectively prevents the infection in domestic chickens. However, new, increasingly virulent strains are constantly emerging, for which no vaccines are available. Avian influenza is also responsible for sporadically infecting humans and causing a wide range of clinical outcomes. Here, we review the recent emergence of diverse strains of the AI virus and the use of veterinary vaccines for poultry in China.

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Adaptation of a natural reassortant H5N2 avian influenza virus in mice

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Rapid acquisition of polymorphic virulence markers during adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in the mouse

Rapid acquisition of polymorphic virulence markers during adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in the mouse

Biological Characterizations of H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses Embodying Different Neuraminidases

Veterinary Influenza Vaccines Against Avian Influenza in China

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