Acute effects of static stretching on the hamstrings using shear elastic modulus determined by ultrasound shear wave elastography: Differences in flexibility between hamstring muscle components
“…Investigating the effects of SS on individual muscles of the hamstrings would be valuable for the understanding and preventing of muscle strain in the components of the hamstrings. Our previous study using ultrasound shear wave elastography (Umegaki et al 2015) reported that the hardness of individual muscles comprising the hamstrings is decreased immediately after 5 min of SS with hip flexion and knee extension, and that the SS maneuver may be most effective for the SM muscle. There is also a study which measured the immediate change in shear modulus of each hamstring muscles before and after 5 times of 90 seconds static stretching (Miyamoto, N., Hirata, K.,Kanehisa, H.,2015).…”
The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of a 4-week intervention of static stretching (SS) on muscle hardness of the semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Shear elastic modulus was measured by using ultrasound shear wave elastography as the index of muscle hardness. Thirty healthy men (age 22.7 ± 2.2 years) volunteered for this study and were randomly assigned to the SS intervention group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). Participants in the SS intervention group received a 4-week stretch intervention for the hamstrings of their dominant leg. Shear elastic moduli of the hamstrings were measured at initial evaluation and after 4 weeks in both groups at a determined angle. In all muscles, the shear elastic modulus decreased significantly after SS intervention. The percentage change in the shear elastic modulus from the value at initial evaluation to after 4 weeks intervention was greatest in the SM. These results suggest that SS intervention has chronic effects on reducing hardness of the hamstring muscle components, especially the SM muscle.
“…Investigating the effects of SS on individual muscles of the hamstrings would be valuable for the understanding and preventing of muscle strain in the components of the hamstrings. Our previous study using ultrasound shear wave elastography (Umegaki et al 2015) reported that the hardness of individual muscles comprising the hamstrings is decreased immediately after 5 min of SS with hip flexion and knee extension, and that the SS maneuver may be most effective for the SM muscle. There is also a study which measured the immediate change in shear modulus of each hamstring muscles before and after 5 times of 90 seconds static stretching (Miyamoto, N., Hirata, K.,Kanehisa, H.,2015).…”
The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of a 4-week intervention of static stretching (SS) on muscle hardness of the semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Shear elastic modulus was measured by using ultrasound shear wave elastography as the index of muscle hardness. Thirty healthy men (age 22.7 ± 2.2 years) volunteered for this study and were randomly assigned to the SS intervention group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). Participants in the SS intervention group received a 4-week stretch intervention for the hamstrings of their dominant leg. Shear elastic moduli of the hamstrings were measured at initial evaluation and after 4 weeks in both groups at a determined angle. In all muscles, the shear elastic modulus decreased significantly after SS intervention. The percentage change in the shear elastic modulus from the value at initial evaluation to after 4 weeks intervention was greatest in the SM. These results suggest that SS intervention has chronic effects on reducing hardness of the hamstring muscle components, especially the SM muscle.
“…Ultrasonic shear wave elastography enables reliable measurement of local tissue in vivo. Several authors used shear elastic modulus Effect of static stretching on infraspinatus 6 measured by ultrasonic shear wave elastography and investigated the effect of SS on muscle hardness, 18,28 . In addition, Nakamura et al delineated a significant correlation between rate of change in shear elastic modulus and rate of change in muscle stiffness 18 .…”
The results suggested that shoulder extension and internal rotation SS effectively decreased the infraspinatus muscle's hardness. In addition, the results indicated that a period exceeding 20 seconds of SS decreased the infraspinatus muscle's hardness.
“…Each muscle condition was evaluated on the B-mode image from the origin to the insertion or distal site of the muscle in both longitudinal and transverse planes to confirm a normal ultrasound appearance, and then the transducer was oriented parallel to the muscle fibres to evaluate the elastic modulus. 13,[19][20][21][22] The region of interest (ROI), a 10-mm-long square, was set on the B-mode ultrasound image of the muscles. When the shot button was pushed, the ROI was colour-coded, indicated the muscle hardness and propagating shear waves were displayed (►Fig.…”
Section: Ultrasound Examinationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are two types of ultrasound elastography; one is strain (compressive) elastography and the other is shear wave elastography 8 and can measure both muscle hardness [9][10][11] and stiffness, 12 respectively, in individual muscles in real time. 13 Strain elastography is a subjective method for assessing muscle hardness and repeated compression of a transducer is applied to the muscle. In shear wave elastography, an acoustic radiation force impulse is applied to the muscle.…”
Objectives This study investigated the relationship between the change in the shear elastic modulus and the change in muscle length using ultrasound shear wave elastography.
Study Design Four thigh muscles, cranial part of the sartorius, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles, of 21 pelvic limbs in 12 clinically healthy Beagle dogs were used. The muscle length was estimated using a radiograph and the flexed and extended positions of the coxofemoral and stifle joints, respectively. The shear elastic modulus (kPa) was measured in two joint positions using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Shear elastic modulus was expressed as median of 10 consecutive measurements. The percentage change of elastic modulus was calculated from the shear elastic modulus in elongated condition and pre-elongated condition of muscle.
Results The elastic modulus of all muscles increased when the muscle was elongated. The shear elastic modulus for both joint positions and the percentage change of the shear elastic modulus (%) in cranial part of the sartorius were highest in all muscles. Intra-observer correlation coefficient (1.2) was 0.75 to 0.96 and intra-observer correlation coefficients (2.2) was 0.46 to 0.96.
Conclusion This study revealed that the shear elastic modulus of muscle was changed by the change in muscle length and increased when the muscle was elongated. Ultrasound shear wave elastography can be used to assess the elastic properties of canine muscle.
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