Acute effects of cadmium on proximal tubular function in rabbits

Gieske, T. H.; Foulkes, E. C.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(74)90200-2

Cited by 35 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…After treatment with cadmium (a single IV injection), cortical slices were incubated in the presence of varying PAH concentrations. The active uptake of PAH by cortical slices from treated rabbits was severely depressed (16). This marked inhibition of active PAH transport indicated that the depression of PAH clearance and PAH extraction (observed in parallel in vivo studies) resulted from the cytotoxic effects of cadmium rather than simply from changes such as renal blood flow differences.…”

Section: Studies With Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differential effects of nephrotoxic agents on renal transport and metabolism by use of in vitro techniques.

Hirsch¹

1976

Environ Health Perspect

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A number of studies by the author and other investigators are reviewed in which the in vitro kidney slice technique has been used to evaluate the nephrotoxicity of various compounds. The kidney slice technique can be used to determine the effect of prior drug treatment of laboratory animals on renal organic acid (p-aminohippurate) or organic base (N-methylnicotinamide) transport, on glucose synthesis, and on oxygen consumption by renal coritical slices. The nephrotoxic agents uranyl nitrate and potassium dichromate exert inhibitory effects on renal function, althouhg both agents enhance organic base transport at low doses and potassium dichromate enhances organic acid transport at moderate doses. Enhanced PAH transport has been found to be a sensitive indicator of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity, while inhibition of other parameters has been reported. The tissue slice method is less effective in evaluation chronic nephrotoxicity such as that produced by lead. The inhibitory effect of mercurial diuretics has been shown to be due to the general depression of metabolic activity by mercury. The kidney slice technique has been found to be a sensitive indicator in the assessment of halogenated hydrocarbon-induced nephrotoxicity. Differential effects of compounds on in vitro organic acid and base trasport provides information about the transport of these compounds as well as about their nephrotoxicity. Although it is often desirable to perform in vivo tests or other in vitro renal function tests, the kidney slice technique has proved to be extremely useful in toxicological evaluations.ImagesFIGURE 4.FIGURE 8.

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Section: Studies With Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differential effects of nephrotoxic agents on renal transport and metabolism by use of in vitro techniques.

Hirsch¹

1976

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Nomiyama et al [16] reported that inulin clearance and maxi mum tubular capacity for secreting PAH be gan to decrease 21 days following subcutane ous administration of Cd chloride to rabbits. Gieske and Foulkes [17] found creatinine and PAH clearances markedly decreased in rabbits to which Cd chloride was acutely administered in the form of a single intravenous injection. In our experiment, slightly increased levels of BUN and moderate decreases in inulin and PAH clearances were seen in the Cd-poisoned rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the aspect of kidney function, there are only a few reports on renal damage in ex perimental Cd poisoning [13,[16][17], Axelsson and Piscator [ 13] found no definite impairment in creatinine clearance and a reduction in glu cose reabsorption in rabbits which were given Cd chloride subcutaneously. Nomiyama et al [16] reported that inulin clearance and maxi mum tubular capacity for secreting PAH be gan to decrease 21 days following subcutane ous administration of Cd chloride to rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances in Kidney Functions and Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism in Cadmium-Poisoned Rats

Kawamura¹,

Yoshida²,

Nishino³

et al. 1978

Nephron

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In an attempt to elucidate the etiology and pathogenesis of ‘Itai-Itai’ disease, the relationship between bone and kidney lesions in cadmium-poisoned rats was determined using the standard renal clearance technique. Calcium and cadmium contents in the femur and kidney were also estimated. The severity of renal lesions was histologically evident both in the tubule and glomerulus, and paralleled the decrease in GFR and the increase in FF. There was no significant change in fractional excretion of phosphate, but fractional excretion of calcium increased in the cadmium-poisoned rats. The secondary hyperparathyroidism followed by uremic renal osteodystrophy did not result in an osteomalacia. Thus, it is apparent that disturbance in calcium reabsorption in the tubules plays a role in the loss of calcium, and cadmium associated with low levels of calcium has a direct effect on the bone-causing osteomalacia.

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Renal Transport Systems for Organic Anions and Cations in Cadmium-Exposed Rats

Kim

Choi

et al. 1998

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Acute effects of cadmium on proximal tubular function in rabbits

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Differential effects of nephrotoxic agents on renal transport and metabolism by use of in vitro techniques.

Differential effects of nephrotoxic agents on renal transport and metabolism by use of in vitro techniques.

Disturbances in Kidney Functions and Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism in Cadmium-Poisoned Rats

Renal Transport Systems for Organic Anions and Cations in Cadmium-Exposed Rats

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