Acute bouts of exercise induce a suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation in human subjects: A meta-analysis

Siedlik, Jacob A.; Benedict, Stephen H.; Landes, E.; Weir, Joseph P.; Vardiman, John P.; Gallagher, Patricia A.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2016.04.008

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Fresh culture media was used as a negative control, and an NLX virus standard as a positive control in each reaction plate. An RT assay mix of H 2 0, 50 mmol/L Tris (pH 7.9), 75 mmol/L KCL, 2 nmol/L DTT, 0.1875 mmol/L ATP, 5 mmol/L MgCl 2 , RT Primer (25 mg/L), 0.05% NP‐40, 2 μ mol/L dTTP, and 2 µ Ci [ 32 P]‐ α ‐TTP was prepared and vortexed thoroughly (Siedlik et al ). 30 μ L of RT assay mix was added to each well and the plate was incubated at 37°C for 3 h. RT mix was added to Whatman paper in individual spots and allowed to dry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that both aerobic and resistance exercise have the potential to alter the immune state of an individual. Evidence from a 2016 meta‐analytic review suggests the proliferative response of mixed lymphocyte populations (i.e., peripheral blood mononucleocytes (PBMCs)) to in vitro mitogenic stimuli is suppressed following an acute bout of exercise (Siedlik et al ). Notably, most of the research investigating the effect of exercise on immunity have focused on PBMC proliferation in response to an acute bout of aerobic exercise (Walsh et al ; ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular activation in response to an antigen leads to clonal expansion of antigen‐specific T cells to facilitate neutralization of an invading pathogen (Mueller et al ). In laboratory and clinical settings, clonal expansion in response to either mitogenic stimulation or co‐stimulation through CD28 is commonly utilized as a measure of lymphocyte functional ability (Siedlik et al ; ). Indeed, studies investigating the effects of exercise on the immune system have commonly used proliferation assays to quantify changes in lymphocyte function following an acute bout of aerobic exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

et al. 2019

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Early studies in exercise immunology suggested acute bouts of exercise had an immunosuppressive effect in human subjects. However, recent data, show acute bouts of combined aerobic and resistance training increase both lymphocyte activation and proliferation. We quantified resistance exercise‐induced changes in the activation state of CD4+ T lymphocytes via surface protein expression and using a medically relevant model of infection (HIV‐1). Using a randomized cross‐over design, 10 untrained subjects completed a control and exercise session. The control session consisted of 30‐min seated rest while the exercise session entailed 3 sets × 10 repetitions of back squat, leg press, and leg extensions at 70% 1‐RM with 2‐min rest between each set. Venous blood samples were obtained pre/post each session. CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from whole blood by negative selection. Expression of activation markers (CD69 & CD25) in both nonstimulated and stimulated (costimulation through CD3+CD28) cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Resistance exercised‐induced effects on intracellular activation was further evaluated via in vitro infection with HIV‐1. Nonstimulated CD4+ T lymphocytes obtained postexercise exhibited elevated CD25 expression following 24 h in culture. Enhanced HIV‐1 replication was observed in cells obtained postexercise. Our results demonstrate that an acute bout of resistance exercise increases the activation state of CD4+ T lymphocytes and results in a greater susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro. These findings offer further evidence that exercise induces activation of T lymphocytes and provides a foundation for the use of medically relevant pathogens as indirect measures of intracellular activation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

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“…Conforme meta-análise, a diminuição da proliferação linfocitária após a prática de exercício de alta intensidade é bem documentada 7 . Os possíveis mecanismos envolvidos são a ação da epinefrina e do cortisol 19 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Green et al 6 relatam que o exercício aeróbio sob condições agudas pode alterar a proliferação linfocitária. A capacidade proliferativa linfocitária pode ser usada em contextos clínicos para avaliar a função imune, mas sua resposta ao exercício físico de diferentes intensidades ainda não é bem esclarecida 7 . Estudar essa associação pode fornecer melhores evidências para a prescrição de exercício de forma benéfica e segura ao sistema imune 8 , vislumbrando seu uso como estratégia não farmacológica para aumento da imunidade e da contagem de determinadas populações linfocitárias, bem como uma forma de evitar diminuição no rendimento de atletas e infecções na população em geral 2,8 .…”

Section: Abstract: Lymphocyte; Exercise; Cell Proliferationunclassified

Efeito agudo do exercício físico aeróbio de diferentes intensidades na proliferação linfocitária de adultos

Guedes

Pozzolo

Fonseca

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde

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O exercício físico gera um desvio da homeostase e a reorganização das respostas de diversos sistemas, entre eles o sistema imune. A resposta aguda do sistema imune pode estar sujeita a mudanças de acordo com a intensidade do exercício praticado. O objetivo do estudo é observar a resposta da proliferação linfocitária à prática de sessões de exercício físico aeróbio de diferentes intensidades. Para tal, foram avaliados dez voluntários (23,50 ± 3,43 anos), que realizaram sessões de exercício aeróbio em bicicleta indoor nas intensidades moderada (40-59% da frequência cardíaca de reserva - FCr) e vigorosa (60-89% da FCr). Houve coleta de sangue venoso para análise da proliferação linfocitária antes (baseline) e após cada uma das sessões. A proliferação linfocitária foi estimulada através de Concanavalina A e mensurada através do ensaio de Alamar Blue® por análise fluorimétrica após 24h, 48h e 72h de cultivo. A análise estatística compreendeu comparações repetidas entre as diferentes sessões e o baseline por ANOVA two-way, considerando um p < 0,05. A sessão de exercício de intensidade vigorosa apresentou diminuição significativa da proliferação linfocitária basal de 21,96% (p = 0,011) em 24h, 37,46% (p = 0,001) em 48h e 27,61% (p = 0,005) em 72h quando comparada com o baseline. A sessão de exercício de intensidade moderada mostrou um aumento de 42,17% (p = 0,001), 36,89% (p = 0,011) e 30,84% (p = 0,001) para os mesmos tempos. Houve diferença significativa no delta de variação na comparação entre as intensidades (p < 0,005). A prática aguda de exercício físico aeróbio em intensidades moderada e vigorosa foi associada ao aumento e diminuição, respectivamente, da proliferação linfocitária de adultos.

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The role of glucose homeostasis on immune function in response to exercise: The impact of low or higher energetic conditions

Morano

Dorneles

Peres³

et al. 2019

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Immune cells are bioenergetically expensive during activation, which requires tightly regulated control of metabolic pathways. Both low and high glycemic conditions can modulate immune function. States of undernourishment depress the immune system, and in the same way, excessive intake of nutrients, such as an obesity state, compromise its functioning. Multicellular organisms depend on two mechanisms to survive: the regulation and ability to store energy to prevent starvation and the ability to fight against infection. Synergic interactions between metabolism and immunity affect many systems underpinning human health. In a chronic way, the breakdown of glycemic homeostasis in the body can influence cells of the immune system and consequently contribute to the onset of diseases such as type II diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer's, and fat and lean mass loss.On the contrary, exercise, recognized as a primary strategy to control hyperglycemic disorders, also induces a coordinated immune-neuro-endocrine response that acutely modulates cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscle functions and the immune response to exercise is widely dependent on the intensity and volume that may affect an immunodepressive state. These altered immune responses induced by exercise are modulated through the "stress hormones" adrenaline and cortisol, which are a threat to leukocyte metabolism. In this context, carbohydrates appear to have a positive acute response as a strategy to prevent depression of the immune system by maintaining plasma glucose concentrations to meet the energy demand from all systems involved during strenuous exercises. Therefore, herein, we discuss the mechanisms through which exercise may promotes changes on glycemic homeostasis in the metabolism and how it affects immune cell functions under higher or lower glucose conditions. K E Y W O R D S exercise training, glycemic homeostasis, immune cell functions | INTRODUCTIONCellular homeostasis is a physiological condition inherent to the health of the human body (Kanungo, Wells, Tribett, & El-gharbawy, 2018). The level of blood glucose, in the absence of disease, is maintained under precise and constant regulation, indispensable to

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Acute bouts of exercise induce a suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation in human subjects: A meta-analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

Efeito agudo do exercício físico aeróbio de diferentes intensidades na proliferação linfocitária de adultos

The role of glucose homeostasis on immune function in response to exercise: The impact of low or higher energetic conditions

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Acute bouts of exercise induce a suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation in human subjects: A meta-analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

CD4+T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

CD4+T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

Efeito agudo do exercício físico aeróbio de diferentes intensidades na proliferação linfocitária de adultos

The role of glucose homeostasis on immune function in response to exercise: The impact of low or higher energetic conditions

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CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects

CD4⁺T cell activation and associated susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection in vitro increased following acute resistance exercise in human subjects