Acute and protracted radiation effects on small intestinal morphological parameters

Brennan, P.C.; Carr, K. E.; Seed, T. M.; McCullough, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.1080/095530098141942

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Moreover, a significant reduction in enterocytes and in lamina propria cells was seen after c-radiation of 5 Gy, in another study. [22] In the present study, a marked radiation-induced acute toxicity that was composed from degenerative and vascular changes was seen 5 days after with a single dose of 20 Gy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

Çaloğlu

Yalta

et al. 2012

J Can Res Ther

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

Çaloğlu

Yalta

et al. 2012

J Can Res Ther

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“…Three days following a high dose (15 Gy) of γ‐radiation, villous shortening was observed in the mouse proximal small intestine, an effect blocked by the cholinergic antagonist, atropine 38 . A more detailed analysis of tissue taken 6–72 h after γ‐radiation of 5 Gy showed a significant reduction in enterocytes and in lamina propria cells 39 . Such structural changes could account for the observed hyporesponsiveness of the tissue from irradiated animals.…”

Section: Effects Of Radiation On the Intestinal Mucosamentioning

confidence: 91%

Review article: new insights into the pathogenesis of radiation‐induced intestinal dysfunction

2000

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

115

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Exposure of the abdomino-pelvic region to ionizing radiation, such as that received during radiotherapy, is associated with the development of a number of untoward symptoms which may limit the course of therapy or which may involve serious chronic intestinal disease. While the mucosal dysfunction surrounding acute radiation enteritis is generally ascribed to the effects of ionizing radiation on the cell cycle of epithelial stem cells of the intestinal crypts and subsequent epithelial loss, recent evidence suggests that other, earlier events also play a role. The severity of these early events may determine the incidence and severity of chronic enteritis. The mechanism for this is unclear, but may relate to radiation-induced compromise of host defence responses to luminal pathogens or antigens. This review will address the current state of knowledge of the pathogenesis of radiation-induced intestinal dysfunction, focusing on events which occur in the mucosa, and will discuss what the future may hold with respect to the treatment of radiation-associated diseases of the intestinal tract.

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“…Thus, radiation damage to the intestinal epithelium could affect the mucosal defense system, especially that system residing within the surface epithelium. However, the Paneth cells of the intestinal crypt are undamaged by acute doses of ionizing X-or g -radiation in the mouse at 4-5 Gy (51,52) and in the rat at 9 -12 Gy (53), the latter encompassing lethal doses. It is possible that these latter radiation-resistant Paneth cells could have contributed to the failure of our studies to evoke greater mortality at the higher doses of S. sonnei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublethal γ-Radiation Decreases Resistance of Mice to Intragastric Shigella sonnei Challenge

King¹,

Elliott²,

Landauer³

et al. 2002

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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This study was performed to determine the degree to which 6 0 Co-g irradiation alters the susceptibility of conventional mice to intragastric challenge with Shigella sonnei as measured by survival, body weight, performance, and microbiology assays of intestinal ora. Female B6D2F1:J mice were given S. sonnei intragastrically 4 days after sublethal 60 Co-g irradiation. Survival and body weight after irradiation and pathogen challenge and under control conditions were examined for 30 days while motor coordination, using the inverted-screen test, was examined intermittently during the 30-day period. Survival and weight loss in irradiated and challenged mice depended on the combined doses of the two insults. The incidence of mortality in the latter mice was never 100%, even at a high sublethal radiation dose (7-Gy) and a S. sonnei dose of 1.2 ½10 9 CFU. Depending on the combined doses of the two insults, weight loss in surviving mice was generally recovered within 30 days. 1.2 ½ 10 8 CFU S. sonnei evoked mortality in four of 12 non-irradiated but challenged mice (33%) but in no other case did S. sonnei alone evoke mortality. Radiation alone evoked no mortality. Radiation alone signi cantly reduced body weight when mice were individually weighed on a daily basis. Performance on the inverted-screen test was signi cantly decremented in irradiated, challenged mice. S. sonnei was always recovered from the heart blood of deceased irradiated-challenged mice but was variably recovered from ileum or caecum and seldom recovered from formed, expressed stools. We conclude that conventional mice can be made susceptible to an intragastric challenge of S. sonnei by sublethal doses of ionizing radiation.

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Acute and protracted radiation effects on small intestinal morphological parameters

Abstract: Many of the responses that occurred after the protracted schedule suggest that adaptive mechanisms may be being triggered following persistent exposure to radiation.

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

Review article: new insights into the pathogenesis of radiation‐induced intestinal dysfunction

Sublethal γ-Radiation Decreases Resistance of Mice to Intragastric Shigella sonnei Challenge

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