Activities of international agroholdings in the world market of foreign investments: investigation of trends and factors of impact in сurrent financing conditions

The turbulent events of the last quarter of the 20th century (the collapse of the socialist system and the transition of the post-socialist countries to a market economy, China's accession to the world market and the successive trends of trade liberalization in a number of countries) do not doubt that trade and technology play an important role in changing the structure of production and wages throughout the world. At the beginning of the 20th century globalization tendencies were transformed into a deglobalization. This was partially due to the fact that growth of international trade did not properly contribute to the welfare of people and the mitigation of income polarization as it was expected to. Although, there is no doubt that trade and technology have played an important role in the change of production structure and salaries around the world. The subject of research in the article are the main causes and consequences of the polarization of income in the world economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of the growth of international trade on human well-being and reduction of income polarization.The main objective of the study is to analyze the dynamics of income distribution in the world in the context of the expansion of international trade. The article uses general scientific methods: system analysis - to determine the features of the development of international trade, a method of scientific abstraction that allows to present the general nature of the uneven distribution of income in the world economy and to make assumptions about the expected future through extrapolating data. Results: Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the change in the basic indicators of income distribution, the problem aspects of the impact of international trade on the polarization of the world population's incomes are revealed.Conclusion:According to studies,economic growth rates deepened inequality between countries, as some have learned to benefit from new opportunities better than others. Moreover, it turned out that trade is affecting the labor market disproportionately even within one country.

mentioning

confidence: 99%

International trade and uneven distribution of income

2018

Ukrainian geo-conflict position: neighbourhood level

2019

The modern world is quite unpredictable, trends of the world order of the 21st century testify to the ever-increasing global security crisis. Violations of international law, hybrid wars, and the globalization of certain political conflicts have a particularly negative impact on the security of such regional countries as Ukraine. In such circumstances, our state should clearly be aware of the level of danger of its own geopolitical position and Ukraine’s attitude to existing and potential sources of conflict, in order to timely respond to national security challenges. The article describes the geo-conflict situation of Ukraine, its peculiarities and the relations with neighbouring countries through the lens of conflict. The subject of the research are bilateral relations between Ukraine and neighbouring countries in the context of conflict prevention, regulation and resolution. The goal of the work is to reveal the essence of Ukraine's geo-conflict situation at the neighbourhood level. The objectives: to evaluate the geo-conflict situation of Ukraine at the neighbourhood level; characterize existing conflicts between Ukraine and neighbouring countries; to analyse potential sources of conflict between Ukraine and neighbouring countries. General scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, hypothetical method. The following results were obtained: this research analysed the factors that influence the geo-conflict situation of Ukraine. This made it possible to characterize the geo-conflict situation of Ukraine and to identify its problematic sides. The results of the research can be used by writing the concept of Ukrainian foreign policy and further exploration of this topic. Conclusions: The Ukrainian geo-conflict situation at the present stage can be described as unstable and rather tense. This is due to the presence of a number of historical, current (active), frozen and potential conflicts with neighbours.

Optimization of taxation of individuals in the national economy of Ukraine: methodological tools

2019

A mechanism to enhance the efficiency of taxation of personal income is impossible without the existence of a set of methods and models of its support and organizational measures aimed at its implementation. In conditions of environmental fluctuations and instability of the national economy, the implementation of taxation functions is important. It will ensure not only the effectiveness of the developed mechanism, but also its social justice and transparency. The aim of the article is the study and formation of methodological tools for developing a mechanism for enhancing the efficiency of taxation of individuals in the national economy of Ukraine. Research methods: a combination of methods of time series analysis, spectral analysis, cluster analysis, investment analysis and the scenario approach allows forecasting tax revenues and tracing their impact on the national economy, a cluster method for studying the efficiency of the tax system based on the use of the k-means method. Results: a methodological toolkit was developed to provide a mechanism for enhancing the efficiency of taxation of personal income, containing a methodological approach to determining the effective tax rate, a model for predicting tax revenues and enhancing the country's economic activity, cluster models of tax administration that allows to develop an effective tax policy. Three scenarios for the development of the tax system of the national economy are proposed: standard, optimistic and pessimistic, which are based on calculations of point and interval forecasts. Conclusions: a methodological approach has been developed to build an effective tax rate for taxing the income of individuals, takes into account subsidizing and generating excess income for elements and allows for the formation of an effective tax policy in order to increase tax revenues.