Action Mechanisms of Secretagogue Drugs

Nell, G.; Rummel, W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69508-7_12

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Other causes of diarrhoea due to castor oil are decreased fluid absorption by inhibiting intestinal Na, K ATPase activity and increased secretion in the small intestine and colon, and affected smooth muscle contractility in the intestine, as reported by (Phillips et al, 1965;Nell and Rummel, 1984). In addition to activation of adenylylcyclase or mucosal cAMP mediated active secretion, and stimulation of endogenoeus prostaglandins E and F which causes stomach cramp and diarrehrea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Ibrahim¹,

Shwaysh²

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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| The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous extract of peel of Punica granatum fruit and crude phenols, alkaloids, terpenoid extract in vivo by inducing diarrhoea in rats by oral administration of castor oil, enteropooling and small intestinal transit models in rats. The weight and volume of intestinal fluid induced by castor oil were studied by enteropooling method. Standard drug diphenoxylate (5 mg/kg, orally) was significantly reduced fecal output and frequency of droppings whereas crude phenols, alkaloids and aqueous extract, (at the doses of 20, 40 and 400 mg/kg orally respectively) significantly (P<0.001) reduced the castor oil induced frequency and consistency of diarrhoea and enteropooling. The gastrointestinal transit rate was expressed as the percentage of the longest distance travelled by the charcoal by the total length of the small intestine. Crude phenols, alkaloids and aqueous extract at the doses of 20, 40 and 400 mg/kg significantly inhibited (P<0.001) the castor oil induced charcoal meal transit. The crude phenols, alkaloids and aqueous extract of Punica granatum peel showed marked reduction in the number of diarrhoea stools and the reduction in the weight and volume of the intestinal contents, as well as a higher reduction in intestinal transit. Results obtained to establish the efficacy and substantiate the folklore claim as anti-diarrhoeal agent. Further studies are needed to understand the complete mechanism of antidiarrhoeal action of Punica ranatum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Ibrahim¹,

Shwaysh²

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…Castor oil (ricinoleic acid) affects electrolyte transport and smooth muscle contractility in the intestine (Gullikson & Bass, 1984;Nell & Rummel, 1984;Binder, 1977;Izzo et al, 1993b;Gaginella, 1994). The precise mechanism of action of this common laxative remains elusive, partly because of its multiple effects on the gut.…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precise mechanism of action of this common laxative remains elusive, partly because of its multiple effects on the gut. It inhibits intestinal Na,K-ATPase activity (Phillips et al, 1965;Gaginella & Bass, 1978;Nell & Rummel, 1984), interferes with oxidative metabolism (Nakao, 1963;Gaginella et al, 1975) and has effects on adenylate cyclase or mucosal adenosine 3': 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) content Racusen & Binder, 1979;Simon & Kather, 1980). Castor oil is cytotoxic to intestinal epithelial cells (Valette & Salvanet, 1936;Gaginella et al, 1977a;Bretagne et al, 1981), and causes histological abnormalities with enhanced mucosal permeability (Cline et al, 1976;Gaginella et al, 1977b;Saunders et al, 1977;.…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of castor oil‐induced diarrhoea and intestinal mucosal injury in rat: effect of N^G‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester

Capasso

Mascolo

Izzo

et al. 1994

British J Pharmacology

108

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1 Castor oil (2 ml orally) produced diarrhoea in rats 1-7 h after challenge, which was associated with gross damage to the duodenal and jejunal mucosa. 2 The injury was accompanied by release of acid phosphatase into the gut lumen, indicating cellular injury.3 Intraperitoneal injection of the nitric oxide (NO) synth~ase inhibitor N0-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 2.5-50 mg kg-' twice), prevented the diarrhoea. The dose of L-NAME (50 mg kg-') completely blocked the diarrhoea but increased the release of acid phosphatase and worsened the gross damage. 4 The NO donating compound, isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IMN, 150 mg kg-' twice) reversed the effects of L-NAME (50 mg kg-') on castor oil-induced diarrhoea, gross damage and acid phosphatase release. 5 The apparent dissociation of the diarrhoeal and intestinal mucosal damaging effects of castor oil suggest that NO has a protective effect on the rat duodenal and jejunal mucosa, but that NO mediates, in part, the diarrhoea effect of this laxative.

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“…Castor oil produces diarrhea due to its active component of recinoleic acid (Dicarlo et al, 1994), inhibition of intestinal Na þ ,K þ -ATPase activity to reduce normal fluid absorption , activation of adenylyl cyclase , stimulation of prostaglandin formation (Phillips et al, 1965), and platelet activating factor. Recently nitric oxide was found to contribute to the diarrhea effect of castor oil (Nell & Rummel, 1984). Prostaglandin contributes to pathophysiological functions in gastrointestinal tract (Sanders, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of ethanol extract ofArdisia ellipticafruits

Dey¹,

Hira²,

Howlader³

et al. 2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Ardisia elliptica Thunb Lam. (Myrsinaceae) is widely used traditionally in the treatment of diarrhea related health disorders in Bangladesh. Objective: The crude ethanol extract of Ardisia elliptica fruits (EFA) was evaluated for its antioxidant and antidiarrhoeal activities. Materials and methods: DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, reducing power and Fe þþ ion chelating ability were used for determining antioxidant activities and animal models were used for antidiarrheal activities such as the castor oil and magnesium sulfate-induced diarrhea, enteropooling induced by the administration of castor oil and magnesium sulfate at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg. Results: The extract possessed a significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC 50 value of 30.75 mg/ml compared to ascorbic acid (IC 50 : 7.89 mg/ml). The IC 50 values of the extract and ascorbic acid were 51.72 and 38.68 mg/ml, respectively, in nitric oxide scavenging assay. The IC 50 value of the extract for Fe þþ ion chelating ability (41.30 mg/ml) was also found to be significant compared to the IC 50 value of EDTA (22.57 mg/ml). The EFA also showed a significant protection (p50.001) against experimentally induced diarrhea by castor oil and magnesium sulfate as evidenced by a decrease in the number of defecation with respect to control. The diarrhea induced by castor oil and magnesium sulfate enteropooling was prevented by all the tested doses. Conclusion: Therefore, the obtained results confirm the antioxidant and antidiarrheal activity of EFA and thus support the traditional uses of this plant as a modality for antioxidant and antidiarrheal activity.

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Action Mechanisms of Secretagogue Drugs

Cited by 19 publications

References 203 publications

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Dissociation of castor oil‐induced diarrhoea and intestinal mucosal injury in rat: effect of N^G‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester

Antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of ethanol extract ofArdisia ellipticafruits

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Action Mechanisms of Secretagogue Drugs

Cited by 19 publications

References 203 publications

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Evaluation of Punica granatum Peels Extracts and its Phenolic, Alkaloid and Terpenoid Constituents Against Chemically Induced Diarrhoea in Rats

Dissociation of castor oil‐induced diarrhoea and intestinal mucosal injury in rat: effect of NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester

Antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of ethanol extract ofArdisia ellipticafruits

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Product

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Dissociation of castor oil‐induced diarrhoea and intestinal mucosal injury in rat: effect of N^G‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester