Achieving a Sustainable Urban Form through Land Use Optimisation: Insights from Bekasi City’s Land-Use Plan (2010–2030)

Abstract

Cities worldwide have been trying to achieve a sustainable urban form to handle their rapid urban growth. Many sustainable urban forms have been studied and two of them, the compact city and the eco city, were chosen in this study as urban form foundations. Based on these forms, four sustainable city criteria (compactness, compatibility, dependency, and suitability) were considered as necessary functions for land use optimisation. This study presents a land use optimisation as a method for achieving a sustainable urban form. Three optimisation methods (particle swarm optimisation, genetic algorithms, and a local search method) were combined into a single hybrid optimisation method for land use in Bekasi city, Indonesia. It was also used for examining Bekasi city's land-use-plan (2010-2030) after optimising current (2015) and future land use (2030). After current land use optimisation, the score of sustainable city criteria increased significantly. Three important centres of land use (commercial, industrial, and residential) were also created through clustering the results. These centres were slightly different from centres of the city plan zones. Additional land uses in 2030 were predicted using a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with external input. Three scenarios were used for allocating these additional land uses including sustainable development, government policy, and business-as-usual. Future land use allocation in 2030 found that the sustainable development scenario showed better performance compared to government policy and business-as-usual scenarios.

Prediksi Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan dan Pola Berdasarkan Citra Landsat Multi Waktu dengan Land Change Modeler (LCM)

“…Dalam penelitian ini skenario yang berbasis pembangunan berkelanjutan digunakan karena diyakini dapat mempertahankan kualitas daya dukung suatu wilayah hingga generasi yang akan datang (tahun 2030 dan 2050). Hasil akhir yang berupa prediksi penggunaan lahan di masa yang akan datang selanjutnya dapat dioptimasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi yang dibuat dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya sebagai kelanjutan dari peta jalan penelitian para peneliti-peniliti yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini [5], [6].…”

Sustainable City Planning Concepts and Practices in Emerging Economies: A Systematic Review

“…The early discussions were encouraged by the pioneering countries, such as China and Brazil, which introduced city planning models (for example eco-city, smart city, sustainable transport), whereby the majority of their action plans and programs focused on suggesting heavy manufacturing industries as well as many other rapid urban activities to conduct innovations that minimize pollution, deforestation, natural resource over-exploration, and ecosystem destruction. Meanwhile, in the last few years, pioneering countries as well as other countries also became participative in contributing sustainable city planning practicality through land use management (Handayanto, Tripathi, Kim, & Guha, 2017), heritage management (Ozoike-Dennis et al, 2019), public participation, and multi-stakeholder cooperation in cities (Madero & Morris, 2016). Figure 3 illustrates the chronological development of sustainable city planning concepts (only based on the reviewed articles).…”

Impact of Urban 3D Morphology on Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) Concentrations: Case Study of Beijing, China

“…Because ventilation channels can accelerate atmospheric circulation and help diffuse air pollution, several cities in China have presented designs for ventilation channels from urban three-dimensional (3D) morphologies perspective to relieve air pollution (Xinhua News Agency, 2016). During the past of urban planning, 3D morphologies are considered an inconvenient factor, especially in megacities (Handayanto et al, 2017). Urban 3D morphology may be a key factor that impacts air pollution and even PM 2.5 .…”