Acetone Concentration in Gas Emanating from Tails of Diabetic Rats

Yamai, Kazuaki; Funada, Toshiaki; Ohkuwa, Tetsuya; Itoh, Hiroshi; Tsuda, Toshitaka

doi:10.2116/analsci.28.511

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to our personal experiences, breath gas is largely influenced by volatile substances produced or consumed by oral microbiota, whereas the skin gas is devoid of these factors. Although acquisition of the skin gas was more tedious than that of breath gas, we previously developed a method to reproducibly obtain gas samples from the skin [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In PD, serum levels of tryptophan, caffeine, bilirubin, and ergothioneine were lower than controls, and serum levels of levodopa and biliverdin were higher than controls [8]. The same group later reported that serum levels of caffeine and nine of its downstream metabolites were decreased, which was irrelevant to total caffeine intake or disease severity [9]. We also reported by mass spectrometry that the ratio of serum tyrosine to phenylalanine was less than 0.82 in 49% of PD patients, but in none of controls [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Application of Skin Gas GC/MS Analysis for Prediction of the Severity Scale of Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2019

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is diagnosed by neurological examinations, as well as by scintigraphy for the dopamine transporter and metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG). We studied possible application of the skin gas in diagnosis of PD. We analyzed chemical substances emanated from the skin by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) after on-line-pre-concentrator. We analyzed the skin gas in 61 PD patients and 61 controls. The GC/MS chromatograms were sectionalized every 30 sec. The retention time drift was shifted every 5 sec, and a similarity coefficient (Z score) between a reference chromatogram and each shifted chromatogram was calculated. Chromatograms with high Z scores were excluded from our analysis. Models were made with partial least square (PLS), support vector machine (SVM), and support vector regression (SVR) analyses. PLS modeling to predict the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part 3 (UPDRS3), representing motor deficits in PD, with all the detected mass numbers yielded 50 mass numbers with high PLS coefficients. Among the 50 mass numbers, nine mass numbers (m/e 48, 63, 67, 70, 81, 93, 96, 104, and 105) had dependable signal-to-noise ratios. We then generated an SVM model to differentiate PD and controls. Our SVM model had a sensitivity of 90.2% and a specificity of 85.2% by leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) analysis. We next generated an SVR model to predict UPDRS3 with the nine mass numbers, and obtained a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.834. LOOCV analysis of our SVR model similarly gave rise to a correlation coefficient of 0.710. We propose that chemical substances in the skin gas potentially serve as biomarkers for PD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of Skin Gas GC/MS Analysis for Prediction of the Severity Scale of Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2019

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“…Some results show that the concentration of acetone in breath is related to the plasma of the ketone body in vivo, the level of acetone in blood 99 and the level of b‐hydroxybutyric acid in venous blood 100 . Acetone is produced by the oxidation of acetoacetate and b‐hydroxybutyric acid 101 through non esterified fatty acid.…”

Section: Application Of Non‐invasive Breath Diagnostic Technology In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐invasive exhaled breath diagnostic and monitoring technologies

Chen

et al. 2021

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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With the rapid development of laser technology, information technology, and materials, the detection of trace gas has been taken to a new level. Advanced analytical methods were invented, for example, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, chemical sensors, absorption spectrum, and so forth. With the detailed data gathered from new high-tech equipment, we can predict and diagnose diseases such as diabetic ketoacidosis, irritable bowel syndrome, lung cancer and so on. However, there is still a large amount of exhaled gas that has not been discovered, which means that breath analysis of exhaled gas is a very promising field in the future. Non-invasive breath diagnosis and monitoring technology have attracted huge attention from all over the world. Using exhaled gas to diagnose and monitor human disease has numerous advantages for being non-invasive, convenient and environment friendly.

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“…1). 20 After an overnight fast, the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg body weight), blood (0.3 ml) was drawn from the heart, and plasma was obtained and stored at −80°C until the analysis. The total nitrate/nitrite (NO x ) levels in the plasma were determined in duplicate using a Nitrate/Nitrite Colorimetric Assay Kit (Cayman, Ann Arbor, MI, USA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). 20 Food and drinking water was removed for minimum of 4 hours before skin gas sampling. After a rat entered the pipe (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide concentrations in gas emanating from the tails of obese rats

Nakanishi

Ohwaki

et al. 2013

Redox Report

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This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of oral L-arginine administration and exercising training on the NO concentration emanating from rat tail and NOx in plasma. Obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats (n = 22) were divided into four groups: (1) oral L-arginine administration (A) (n = 6), (2) exercise training (E), (3) exercise training + L-arginine administration (E + A) (n = 5), and (4) non-exercise training + non-L-arginine administration (N) (n = 6). The control (+/+) Zucker rats (n = 22) were also divided into the same four groups. The body weight of the E + A and the A groups was significantly lower than that of the N group. The NO concentration emitted from the tail was higher in the L-arginine (E + A and A) groups than in the non-L-arginine (E and N) groups in both obese and control rats. Exercise training did not affect the skin gas NO concentration in either obese or control rats. Plasma NOx concentrations in four obese rats were significantly higher than those observed in control rats. Exercise training did not influence the level of plasma NOx in obese or control rats. In conclusion, this study confirmed that L-arginine administration increases the skin gas NO concentration and obesity increases the plasma NOx level. The plasma NOx concentrations were not affected by L-arginine administration or exercise training in obese or control rats.

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Acetone Concentration in Gas Emanating from Tails of Diabetic Rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Application of Skin Gas GC/MS Analysis for Prediction of the Severity Scale of Parkinson’s Disease

Application of Skin Gas GC/MS Analysis for Prediction of the Severity Scale of Parkinson’s Disease

Non‐invasive exhaled breath diagnostic and monitoring technologies

Nitric oxide concentrations in gas emanating from the tails of obese rats

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