AC-electric field dependent electroformation of giant lipid vesicles

Politano, Timothy J.; Froude, Victoria E.; Jing, Benxin; Zhu, Yingxi

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.03.032

Cited by 70 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[14][15][16] Previously, it was suggested that surfacephospholipid interactions can determine the presence of vesicles and the kinetics of their formation. [17,18] The above experiment shows oxalic acid does not play an important role in controlling the formation of vesicles and that glyoxylic acid is the effective component.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Yield of Supergiant Vesicles on Glyoxylic Acid Modified Aluminum Electrode

Cao¹,

Seekell²,

Li³

et al. 2014

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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Supergiant vesicles are useful for investigating the interactions between lipid memebranes and collodial particles or macromolecules. Producing supergiant vesicles using the electroformation method lead to extraordinary findings in this work. The glyoxylic acid modified aluminum (GA-Al) electrode was prepared by the electro-reduction in an oxalic acid solution. High yield of supergiant vesicles with diameters >100 lm are successfully formed on a GA-Al electrode under an alternative current (AC) electric field. In contrast to platinum and indium tin oxide, which have been mainly used so far, this GA-Al electrode is preferable for the electroformation of egg phosphatidylcholine (EggPC) supergiant vesicles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Yield of Supergiant Vesicles on Glyoxylic Acid Modified Aluminum Electrode

Cao¹,

Seekell²,

Li³

et al. 2014

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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“…As prior studies have shown, when the vibration of the AC electric field at high frequency is strong enough, the vesicles formation will be strongly inhibited. [11,12] The GVs formation of C16=EggPC was different from that of the pure EggPC, and the frequency had less of an impact on the vesicle formation. On the other hand, it illustrates that the electroformation of phospholipid mixtures containing quaternary ammonium molecules is suitable for a wide range of voltages and frequencies.…”

Section: Effects Of Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroformed Giant Vesicles from a Binary Mixture of Phospholipids and Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Seekell

Zhan

et al. 2014

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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In this article, positively charged GVs were electroformed in a binary system of quaternary ammonium salts and egg phosphatidylcholine (EggPC) under an alternative current (AC) electric field. The diameter and charge density of the GVs is controlled by doping suitable cationic quaternary ammonium molecules into the EggPC bilayer. By developing positively charged GVs, there will be expanded the applications for phospholipids vesicles, especially the investigation of charge-induced interactions between cationic lipid membranes and macromolecules, such as colloidal particles or proteins.

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“…10,11 ). Nonetheless, we can learn a little about what to expect by considering the theory and some empirical results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant Liposome Preparation for Imaging and Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology

Collins

Gordon

2013

JoVE

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The reconstitution of ion channels into chemically defined lipid membranes for electrophysiological recording has been a powerful technique to identify and explore the function of these important proteins. However, classical preparations, such as planar bilayers, limit the manipulations and experiments that can be performed on the reconstituted channel and its membrane environment. The more cell-like structure of giant liposomes permits traditional patch-clamp experiments without sacrificing control of the lipid environment. Electroformation is an efficient mean to produce giant liposomes >10 μm in diameter which relies on the application of alternating voltage to a thin, ordered lipid film deposited on an electrode surface. However, since the classical protocol calls for the lipids to be deposited from organic solvents, it is not compatible with less robust membrane proteins like ion channels and must be modified. Recently, protocols have been developed to electroform giant liposomes from partially dehydrated small liposomes, which we have adapted to protein-containing liposomes in our laboratory. We present here the background, equipment, techniques, and pitfalls of electroformation of giant liposomes from small liposome dispersions. We begin with the classic protocol, which should be mastered first before attempting the more challenging protocols that follow. We demonstrate the process of controlled partial dehydration of small liposomes using vapor equilibrium with saturated salt solutions. Finally, we demonstrate the process of electroformation itself. We will describe simple, inexpensive equipment that can be made in-house to produce high-quality liposomes, and describe visual inspection of the preparation at each stage to ensure the best results.

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AC-electric field dependent electroformation of giant lipid vesicles

Cited by 70 publications

References 20 publications

High Yield of Supergiant Vesicles on Glyoxylic Acid Modified Aluminum Electrode

High Yield of Supergiant Vesicles on Glyoxylic Acid Modified Aluminum Electrode

Electroformed Giant Vesicles from a Binary Mixture of Phospholipids and Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Giant Liposome Preparation for Imaging and Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology

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