Abundance and periodicity of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) as early indicator of filariasis transmission in Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 is an insect that served as a vector for urban lymphatic filariasis. The abundance of this mosquito could serve as an early indicator for filariasis transmission in endemic area. On the other hand, its active period could be key point for this disease elimination. The information of its activities and periodicity in Indonesia was still inadequate. This study was conducted to determine the periodicity of Cx. quinquefasciatus and its potency for the filariasis transmission in Pasirsari village and Simbangkulon village, Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia. Two villages were selected, since both had been known to have high occurrences for lymphatic filariasis. Human landing-biting method and hand net were used in mosquitoes collections. The sample collections were done both indoor and outdoor, from 6 pm to 6 am, with 1 h interval. In addition, the possible habitat and breeding places of this mosquito were also observed. The total of female mosquitoes that have been collected was 328. The abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus was different between two villages. The peak activity was at 00.00 to 01.00 am for both indoor and outdoor collections. Drainages with stagnant polluted water near housing area were positively contained abundant of mosquitoes larvae. This result might indicate that there was a high possibility of filariasis transmission in this area.

Influence of the Geographic differences to the Genetic Variation and Distribution of Vector Borne Mosquito in Filariasis Endemic Areas of Central Java Indonesia

“…As earlier study, the Culex mosquito has an abundance and different temporal pattern for their biting and resting activities (Astuti et al, 2016;Moise, 2018). This activities pattern maight be in uenced by the environmental changing as the temperature, humidity, and wind velocity.…”

Aedes aegypti as potential vector of filariasis in Pekalongan, Central Java Province, Indonesia

“…quiquefasciatus is in line with the results of previous studies. 19,20 Therefore, it can be concluded that the W. bancrofti DNAs were found in Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae.…”

Diversity, Dominancy, and Periodicity of Mosquitoes in Filariasis Endemic Areas in Samborejo Village Tirto District Pekalongan Regency

“…This mosquito was mostly active in outdoor biting and the period of active was at 01 and 4 am 18 , while in Pasir Sari Village Pekalongan Selatan District the peak of active biting period was at midnight and around 02 pm. 15 This peak timing of the mosquito periodicity may synchronous with the abundant of mf in the peripheral blood.…”

“…In the both areas the total number of 323 adult female mosquitoes had been collected and consisted of 8 species of the genus Culex and 1 species of Aedes aegypti. 15 However, in Jenggot Village (Pekalongan City) it is showed moderate diversity and more various the mosquitoes genus, which were 5 of mosquito genera, which were genera of Culex, Aedes, Armigeres, Anopheles, and the genus of Lutzia. This finding is different from the results of the research conducted by Arimurti (2008) which concluded that the Cx.…”

“…quinquefasciatus. 15,18,19 The mosquito existence was important for transmitting the parasite. Some studies was reported that the environment around settlement and human activities in the night time had significant effect for increasing the risk factor of people to get the infection.…”