Abnormal Brain Activity Related to Performance Monitoring and Error Detection in Children with ADHD

Liotti, Mario; Pliszka, Steven R.; Perez, Ricardo; Kothmann, Delia; Woldorff, Marty G.

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70274-0

Cited by 243 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Studies using go/no-go and stop signal tasks 7 have often reported high rates of inhibitory errors coupled with reduced N2 amplitude (Barry, Johnstone, & Clarke, 2003;Brandeis et al, 1998;Groom et al, 2010;Liotti, Pliszka, Perez, Kothmann, & Woldorff, 2005) interpreted as poor inhibitory control. However, as outlined above, response inhibition paradigms may reflect conflict between competing responses as well as (or instead of) the cancellation of a planned or prepotent response.…”

Section: The N2 Event-related Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, reduced N2 amplitude has often been hailed as a marker of impaired inhibitory control in ADHD (Barry et al, 2003;Brandeis et al, 1998;Groom et al, 2010;Liotti et al, 2005). However, this population also tend to show reduced P3 amplitude (Bekker et al, 2005;Groom et al, 2008;Groom et al, 2010;Hughes et al, 2012;Wiersema & Roeyers, 2009) and altered P3 topography (Fallgatter et al, 2004) as well as a much wider range of deficits in action control (Johnson et al, 2007;Kuntsi & Klein, 2012;Simmonds et al, 2007).…”

Section: Implications and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential modulation of the N2 and P3 event-related potentials by response conflict and inhibition

Groom

Cragg

2015

Brain and Cognition

136

127

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Background: Developing reliable and specific neural markers of cognitive processes is essential to improve understanding of healthy and atypical brain function. Despite extensive research there remains uncertainty as to whether two electrophysiological markers of cognitive control, the N2 and P3, are better conceptualised as markers of response inhibition or response conflict. The present study aimed to directly compare the effects of response inhibition and response conflict on the N2 and P3 event-related potentials, withinsubjects. Method:A novel hybrid go/no-go flanker task was performed by 19 healthy adults aged 18 to 25 years while EEG data were collected. The response congruence of a central target stimulus and 4 flanking stimuli was manipulated between trials to vary the degree of response conflict. Response inhibition was required on a proportion of trials. N2 amplitude was measured at two frontal electrode sites; P3 amplitude was measured at 4 midline electrode sites.Results: N2 amplitude was greater on incongruent than congruent trials but was not enhanced by response inhibition when the stimulus array was congruent. P3 amplitude was greater on trials requiring response inhibition; this effect was more pronounced at frontal electrodes. P3 amplitude was also enhanced on incongruent compared with congruent trials. Discussion:The findings support a role for N2 amplitude as a marker of response conflict and for the frontal shift of the P3 as a marker of response inhibition. This paradigm could be applied to clinical groups to help clarify the precise nature of impaired action control in disorders such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD).3

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Section: The N2 Event-related Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential modulation of the N2 and P3 event-related potentials by response conflict and inhibition

Groom

Cragg

2015

Brain and Cognition

136

127

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“…Albrecht et al (2005) reported reduced N2 in the right-frontal area to visual stop signals in children with AD/HDcom or ODD/CD, but not in a co-morbid group of AD/HDcom + ODD/CD, with this effect interpreted as a deficit in response inhibition. In a study mainly focussed on error processing it was reported that children with AD/HDcom showed inefficient successful implementation of response inhibition with a reduced successful>failed P3a effect (Liotti et al, 2005;see Table 3). Liotti et al (2007) also reported that children with AD/HDcom had reduced N2, with the scalp location of the difference dependent on successful vs. failed inhibition; further, they did not show the success-specific N2 enhancement seen in controls, indicating problems with the triggering of response inhibition.…”

Section: Stop-signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years on: A follow-up review of ERP research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Johnstone

Barry

Clarke

2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

143

132

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This article reviews the event-related potential (ERP) literature in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) over the years [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012]. ERP studies exploring various aspects of brain functioning in children and adolescents with AD/HD are reviewed, with a focus on group effects and interpretations in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. There has been a distinct shift in research intensity over the past 10 years, with a large increase in ERP studies conducted in the areas of inhibitory control and performance monitoring. Overall, the research has identified a substantial number of ERP correlates of AD/HD. Robust differences from healthy controls have been reported in early orienting, inhibitory control, and error-processing components. These data offer potential to improve our understanding of the specific brain dysfunction(s) which contribute to the disorder. The literature would benefit from a more rigorous approach to clinical group composition and consideration of age effects, as well as increased emphasis on replication and extension studies using exacting participant, task, and analysis parameters. • Research focus and intensity has been in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions.• Some consistent differences from healthy controls are emerging, but more emphasis on replication and extension studies is needed to increase the consistency and specificity of results. AbstractThis article reviews the event-related potential (ERP) literature in relation to attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) over the years 2002 to 2012. ERP studies exploring various aspects of brain functioning in children and adolescents with AD/HD are examined, with a focus on group effects and interpretations in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. There has been a distinct shift in research intensity over the past 10 years, with a large increase in ERP studies conducted in the areas of inhibitory control and performance monitoring. Overall, the research has identified a substantial number of ERP correlates of AD/HD. Robust differences from healthy controls have been reported in early orienting, inhibitory control, and error-processing components.These data offer potential to improve our understanding of the specific brain dysfunction(s) which contribute to the disorder. The literature would benefit from a more rigorous approach to clinical group composition and consideration of age effects, as well as increased emphasis on replication and extension studies using exacting participant, task, and analysis parameters.

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“…This indicates that preterm children rely less on this area than do control children when trying to inhibit an automatic response in the color condition (shift attention from the word cue to the color cue); this effect is intensified when working memory demands are increased as in the 2-back condition. The ACC region is known to be responsive to cognitive load (26), and reduced activation in this area is found in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (28) and autism spectrum disorders (29) as compared with control children. On the basis of the present findings and previous studies, we suggest that the ACC is a critical area involved in working memory and selective attention, and that our EPT group displayed reduced activation in this important area.…”

Section: Fmri In Preterm Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

fMRI: blood oxygen level–dependent activation during a working memory–selective attention task in children born extremely preterm

et al. 2013

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Abnormal Brain Activity Related to Performance Monitoring and Error Detection in Children with ADHD

Cited by 243 publications

References 44 publications

Differential modulation of the N2 and P3 event-related potentials by response conflict and inhibition

Differential modulation of the N2 and P3 event-related potentials by response conflict and inhibition

Ten years on: A follow-up review of ERP research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

fMRI: blood oxygen level–dependent activation during a working memory–selective attention task in children born extremely preterm

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