Ablation of canine prostate using transurethral intraprostatic absolute ethanol injection

Percutaneous Ethanol Injection of the Prostate as Minimally Invasive Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Preliminary Report

“…Coagulative necrosis was also noted by Goya et al [5]and Zvara et al [9]who described cavity formation, without disruption of the prostatic capsule in dogs. Since no significant change in prostate volume was observed in the present study or in Goya’s clinical study, another mechanism of action could be complete nerve destruction in the area treated.…”

The Effect of Transarterial Prostate Embolization in Hormone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Dogs: A Pilot Study

“…In a recent study of healthy pigs (25), microscopic examination showed fibrosis and atrophy of the gland consistent with the histologic findings of the present study. Zvara et al (26) reported that fibrosis and tissue shrinkage is the presumed mechanism for relieving obstructive symptoms. Another notable pathologic finding of the present study was the formation of large cysts in the prostates of embolized dogs.…”

Transurethral prostatic tissue ablation via a single needle delivery system: initial experience with radio-frequency energy and ethanol

“…Canine studies were performed at our institution, documenting effective and rapid tissue ablation at the level of the prostate with transurethral absolute ethanol injection. 3 Systemic absorption was minimal and the prostatic capsule was found to act as a relative barrier to ethanol diffusion with no extra prostatic leakage seen.…”

“…3 The first publication examining ethanol ablation used a canine model with a transperineal injection technique. 4 Leakage outside the prostate was documented with both bladder and external sphincter necrosis seen.…”