A via excêntrica: Hölderlin e o projeto de uma nova estética

Abstract

This thesis is intended to render an outline of the aesthetic project Hölderlin sought to carry out between 1793 and 1797. His aesthetic project, which in a number of letters he addressed as an attempt to find the principle enlightening such oppositions of spirit as nature and freedom, subject and object, self and not-self, is based upon the philosophy-poetry relationship as established by Kant in the Kritik der Urteilskraft, especially in the section dealing with aesthetic ideas, productive imagination, and genius, as well as the one Schiller establishes in Über Anmut und Würde to the extent he succeeds in founding an objective Aesthetics upon Kant's efforts to this effect. However, it was not before he got in touch with Fichte´s Wissenschaftslehre philosophy that Hölderlin realizes the entire potential of this philosophy-poetry relationship. After all, throughout his work Fichte assigns creative imagination a more important role than Kant does, as imagination, for the former, is the origin of the separations residing in the self. Hölderlin's failure to perform his announced Aesthetics in the form of theory, however, did not prevent him from accomplishing it poetically in his novel Hyperion or the Hermit in Greece. Just as the philosopher of the Wissenschaftslehre reduces unto imagination the oppositions in the self using the reciprocal determination method, Hyperion is also capable of unifying the oppositions pertaining to the eccentric path as it leads from nature into the realm of freedom and poetry.

Phonological iconicity

“…In analogy they argue that the evolution of signs from motivated origin to conventional use is still observable in certain sign systems such as Chinese hanzi (Vaccari and Vaccari, 1961) or American Sign Language (Frishberg, 1975). …”

“…Fay et al ( 2013 ) point in a similar direction, reporting that participants were able to bootstrap meaning from gesture and non-linguistic vocalization, partially depending on item category such as object, action or emotion. In analogy they argue that the evolution of signs from motivated origin to conventional use is still observable in certain sign systems such as Chinese hanzi (Vaccari and Vaccari, 1961 ) or American Sign Language (Frishberg, 1975 ).…”

Aging and memory for frequency of occurrence of novel, visual stimuli: Direct and indirect measures.

“…Two different types of stimuli were prepared: ideograms and verbal stimuli. The ideograms were 48 seven-stroke Japanese Kanji selected randomly from Vaccari and Vaccari (1952), with the constraint that no two ideograms were similar. The verbal stimuli were 48 nouns selected from Kucera and Francis (1967) with a mean frequency count of 121.9 occurrences per million words (range = 100–145) and mean length of 6.1 letters.…”

Recognition memory and the mere exposure effect.

“…The subjects were 20 Rice University undergraduates. Stimuli-The stimuli were 20 oriental ideograms-specifically, 7stroke Japanese Kanji selected randomly from Vaccari and Vaccari (1952). They were digitized and presented by means of an Apple Macintosh computer.…”