A Unified Route Optimization Scheme for Network Mobility

Abstract

Abstract.Recently Network Mobility(NEMO) is being concerned as new mobility issue. Lots of NEMO issues are already being touched in IETF NEMO WG but the solution is still premature especially to the Route Optimization (RO). NEMO has several problem spaces that need RO such as nested tunnels problem. Unfortunately, there is no solution that can be universally applied as one for all that results in supporting the coherent network mobility. In this paper, we propose a unified route optimization scheme that can solve several types of RO problem by using Path Control Header (PCH). In our scheme, Home Agent (HA) does piggyback the PCH on the packet which is reversely forwarded from Mobile Router (MR). That enables any PCH-aware routing facility on the route to make a RO tunnel with MR using the Care-of address of MR contained in the PCH. By applying to some already known NEMO RO problems, we show that our scheme can incrementally optimize the routes via default HA-MR tunnel through the simple PCH interpretation.

Route optimization in network mobility: Solutions, classification, comparison, and future research directions

“…c) Path Control Header (PCH)-based: Na et al [58] proposed a scheme where the CoA of the MR is inserted into packets by the corresponding HA when a packet travels from an MNN to a CN. After passing through all the HAs, the packet's header contains the CoAs of all MRs above.…”

Hierarchical mobile network binding scheme for route optimization in NEMO

“…Figure 2 shows an example of 'pinball routing' problem in a basic support protocol. Recently, a great deal of research has been conducted in order to solve the pinball routing problem, which includes the route optimization of the basic support protocol [1,6,7,9,[12][13][14][15][18][19][20]. Most of the previous research on route optimization has used bi-directional tunneling between the HA of the nested mobile network and the root-MR [7,9,3,14,19].…”

“…For this, an extended router advertisement (RA) message that includes an address of the root-MR egress interface is defined in order to discover the root-MR address and to notify the nested MRs. The recursive binding update method [1] and path control header based route optimization mechanism [12] perform route optimization by using the binding procedures between the MR and the correspondent node or router. These mechanisms, however, require modifying the correspondent nodes or routers which are not NEMO-related nodes, in order to support the extended binding procedures and the extended header manipulation.…”

“…In order to solve this problem, various methods have been proposed [1,9,12,14,18,19]. Most of these methods use direct tunneling between the root-MR and the HA of a nested MR, which is subordinate to the root-MR.…”

“…In addition, the root-MR experiences a very heavy load because it must maintain full paths for all nested MRs [1,6,9,12,15]. The root-MR suffers from a large processing load and this can cause a communication bottleneck.…”