“…Michael's (1993) conceptualization of the CMO-R provides clarity as to how aversive motivators are different from S D s, and how they affect our behavior throughout each day. There are numerous implications and applications of the CMO-R to many socially significant human behaviors such as problem behavior, social behavior, language acquisition, and self-care skills (e.g., Carbone, Morgenstern, Zecchin-Tirri, & Kolberg, 2007;Langthorne & McGill, 2009;McGill, 1999;Smith, Iwata, Goh, & Shore, 1995;Sundberg, 1993). (See also p. 28, pp.…”