A transient current protection and fault location scheme for MMC-HVDC transmission network

Zheng, Xiaodong; Nadeem, Muhammad; Tai, Nengling; Habib, Salman; Wang, Biqi; Yu, Mingcan; He, Yangyang

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106348

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…According to Section II, if this element is found fulfilling (10), it is clear that the identified TW has been reflected from the fault point. If the element is found satisfying (11), it can be comprehended that the identified TW has been reflected from the remote terminal.…”

Section: A Proposed Tw Identification Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the third category, researchers have examined the TW theory in different application forms to locate line faults in HBMMC-HVDC systems. In [10], a double-ended TW-based scheme has been presented based on the change of subsequent current samples and tested on a two-terminal system. In [11] and [12], the researchers have applied the continuous wavelet transform on synchronized current samples measured from sensors distributed along lines to extract TW information and estimate the fault location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the critical challenges in all the aforesaid TW-based schemes is identifying the incident/reflected TWs. The change of subsequent current and voltage samples considered in [10] and [14] and the wavelet transform coefficients utilized in [11]- [13] can be so sensitive to measurement noise and frequencydependent reflection factors [15]. This high sensitivity can increase the estimation error and highlight the need for experts to interpret the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) is obtained based on (10), then (15) should be used, and if it is obtained fulfilling (11), then ( 16) is valid for fault location. Thanks to the available measurements from both line terminals, similar equations can be rewritten for the fault distance from terminal j, i.e., xj.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Signal Segmentation Approach to Identify Incident/Reflected Traveling Waves for Fault Location in Half-Bridge MMC-HVdc Grids

Farshad

Karimi

2022

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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This article presents a new systematic technique for identifying voltage traveling-waves (TWs) to determine the location of line faults in half-bridge modular multilevel converterbased high-voltage direct-current (HBMMC-HVDC) grids. In this technique, the buffered voltage signal frame around the faultdetection time is first scaled and then segmented via an optimization process. Finally, the incident/reflected TWs arrival times are obtained by executing a simple search algorithm on the reconstructed signal segments' differences. This article describes how to use this technique in three forms of TW-based fault location schemes, including the single-ended scheme with known TW velocity, the double-ended scheme with known TW velocity, and the double-ended scheme with unknown TW velocity. The application results on a 4-terminal HBMMC-HVDC grid simulated with exact component models show the proposed technique's high capability and accuracy in all the three TWbased fault-location schemes. According to these results, the average fault-location errors are less than 0.5% for all the schemes. The numerical results also confirm that the proposed technique maintains its excellent performance, even in the face of close to terminal faults with distances down to 4 km, faults with high resistances up to 450 , and noisy signals with signal-to-noise ratios down to 55 dB. Moreover, the comparison results confirm that the proposed approach is more tolerant of measurement noise than the wavelet transform.

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Section: A Proposed Tw Identification Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Signal Segmentation Approach to Identify Incident/Reflected Traveling Waves for Fault Location in Half-Bridge MMC-HVdc Grids

Farshad

Karimi

2022

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…The proposed scheme is verified by simulating Hydro-Quebec HVDC benchmark in Matlab/Simulink. In [128], the transient current increments and its distribution over the line are calculated to detect and locate faults on an HVDC system. The proposed method is verified by simulating a 500 kV HVDC system in RTDS.…”

Section: ) Hvdc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Traveling Wave Protection Schemes in Electric Power Systems

et al. 2021

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As a result of the increase in penetration of inverter-based generation such as wind and solar, the dynamics of the grid are being modified. These modifications may threaten the stability of the power system since the dynamics of these devices are completely different from those of rotating generators. Protection schemes need to evolve with the changes in the grid to successfully deliver their objectives of maintaining safe and reliable grid operations. This paper explores the theory of traveling waves and how they can be used to enable fast protection mechanisms. It surveys a list of signal processing methods to extract information on power system signals following a disturbance. The paper also presents a literature review of traveling wave-based protection methods at the transmission and distribution levels of the grid and for AC and DC configurations. The paper then discusses simulations tools to help design and implement protection schemes. A discussion of the anticipated evolution of protection mechanisms with the challenges facing the grid is also presented.

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A Decision Tree Based Ultra-high-speed Protection Scheme for Meshed MMC-MTDC Grids with Hybrid Lines

Gaballah,

Abu-Elanien,

Megahed

2024

J. Electr. Eng. Technol.

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The reliable operation of modular multi-level converter based multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MMC-MTDC) grids requires high-speed and selective DC line protection. A single-ended protection technique is proposed for MTDC grids with offshore wind farms and hybrid lines that involve overhead lines and submarine cables in series. Positive and negative poles’ currents at one end of each line section are analyzed using discrete wavelet analysis (DWA). To classify fault type and identify fault zone, a fine decision tree is supplied with an energy index and the envelope slop of detail 1 coefficient (D1) obtained from DWA. Only 0.2 ms following the fault inception are needed for calculating the energy index and the envelope slope to perform relay functions. The approach was tested on a three-terminal two-poles $$\pm$$ ± 400 kV MMC-MTDC model. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the suggested protection technique under various fault scenarios, even with up to 200 Ω fault resistance. The proposed technique is not only able to detect the faulty line, but also it identifies overhead line faults and submarine cable faults for hybrid type lines. Moreover, the proposed technique is not affected by wind power injection changes, AC faults, or data noise. The simulated model was produced in the MATLAB/Simulink platform.

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A transient current protection and fault location scheme for MMC-HVDC transmission network

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

A Signal Segmentation Approach to Identify Incident/Reflected Traveling Waves for Fault Location in Half-Bridge MMC-HVdc Grids

A Signal Segmentation Approach to Identify Incident/Reflected Traveling Waves for Fault Location in Half-Bridge MMC-HVdc Grids

A Survey of Traveling Wave Protection Schemes in Electric Power Systems

A Decision Tree Based Ultra-high-speed Protection Scheme for Meshed MMC-MTDC Grids with Hybrid Lines

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