A three-dimensional soft tissue analysis of 16 skeletal class III patients following bimaxillary surgery

McCance, Andrew M.; Moss, J.P.; Wright, W.R.; Linney, AD; James, David

doi:10.1016/0266-4356(92)90264-j

Cited by 113 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…1 The rapid development of 3-D imaging systems has enabled us to diagnose facial soft tissues in detail and open a new window for 3-D soft tissue evaluation in orthodontic planning and treatment results. These 3-D imaging techniques are CBCT, [2][3][4] facial surface laser scanning, 5,6 and 3-D stereophotogrammetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and reliability of three-dimensional soft tissue landmark identification using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry

Baysal

Şahan

Öztürk

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate the intraexaminer repeatability and interexaminer reproducibility of soft tissue landmarks on three-dimensional (3-D) stereophogrammetric images. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four stereophotogrammetric images were taken and 19 soft tissue points were identified. The images were obtained using the 3-DMD Face (3-DMD TM Ltd, Atlanta, Ga) system. Two examiners marked 34 images manually with a mouse-driven cursor 4 weeks apart. Intraexaminer marking differences were calculated and classified as ,0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, and .1 mm. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for intraexaminer reliability. A paired-samples t-test was used to evaluate the difference between the examiners. Interexaminer reproducibility was evaluated by kappa analysis. Statistical significance was set at P , .05. Results: Only one landmark (labiale superior) had an intraexaminer marking difference less than 0.5 mm. Existing landmarks had an intraexaminer difference less than 1 mm, but higher than 0.5 mm. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) indicated good intraexaminer repeatability for both observers. The ICC range for examiners 1 and 2 was 0.986-1.000 and 0.990-1.000, respectively. Kappa scores showed good interexaminer agreement, especially on the z-axis. Conclusions: Except labiale superior, the soft tissue landmarks used in this study were shown to have moderate reproducibility, but the difference between the landmarks was less than 1 mm, and they had clinically acceptable reproducibility. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:1004-1009

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and reliability of three-dimensional soft tissue landmark identification using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry

Baysal

Şahan

Öztürk

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Today CT is commonly used for evaluation of bony structures [2][3][4][5][6] and is also used for soft tissue evaluation in select situations. 4,7,8 However, a radiation-free, objective, accurate, and reliable system for quantifying the soft tissues of the face in dimension and colour is still needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of involuntary facial movements on craniofacial anthropometry: a survey using a three-dimensional photographic system

Lübbers

Medinger

Kruse

et al. 2012

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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PurposeIn the modern anthropometry of complex structures, such as the face, different technical approaches for three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition have become increasingly more common. Results of meticulous evaluations have demonstrated a high level of precision and accuracy under both ideal and clinical circumstances.However, the question remains regarding which level of accuracy is adequate to meet clinical needs. Aside from the measuring technique itself, potential sources of error need to be identified and addressed. Involuntary facial movements in the subjects potentially influence clinical reliability. Materials and Methods The 3dMDfaceTM system was used in a clinical setting to investigate the influence of involuntary facial movements. Other factors of influence were systematically excluded. The mean technical error of the system (0.09 mm) was investigated in a previous study and taken into account for interpretation of the data. ResultsThe handling of the system was unproblematic for both data acquisition and data analysis. Including technical error and the influence of involuntary facial movements, the mean global error was 0.41 mm, with a range from 0.00 mm to 3.30 mm. Taking into account the technical error of the system known from the previous study, involuntary facial movements account for a mean error of 0.32 mm. ConclusionsThis range of involuntary facial movements clearly exceeds the known technical error of the utilized 3D photographic system. Given this finding, future 2 research should shift its focus from the analysis of the technical aspects of such systems to other influencing factors.

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“…The results of soft tissue changes have thus far been interpreted two-dimensionally with the aid of lateral cephalograms [31]. However, given the low resolution of radiographic images, the lack of 3D visualization and the overlapping caused by skeletal structures, the soft tissues cannot be adequately assessed [21,34,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D soft tissue changes following functional jaw orthopedic treatment [39], after extraction or non-extraction treatment [24] and following orthognathic surgery [3,20,31,32,36,40,46] have been analyzed by the laser scanner system. Using the technique of stereophotogrammetry, however, treatmentrelated studies on soft tissue changes have concentrated on the specialized field of oral and maxillofacial surgery [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been a few Einleitung Das Verhalten der fazialen Weichteile im Rahmen einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung ist Gegenstand vieler Untersuchungen [19]. Bisher werden noch die Interpretationen des Ergebnisses von Weichteilveränderungen unter Zuhilfenahme von Fernröntgenseitenbildern des Schädels zweidimensional durchgeführt [31]. Angesichts der niedrigen Auflösung der röntgenologischen Bilder, der fehlenden 3D-Darstellbarkeit und der Überlappungen durch die skelettalen Strukturen kann das Weichgewebe jedoch nicht adäquat beurteilt werden [21,34,46].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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3D Soft Tissue Changes in Facial Morphology in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate and Class III Mal occlusion under Therapy with Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Delaire Facemask

et al. 2010

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Aim: Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) and Delaire facemask are a well-established treatment method for patients with cleft lip and palate and Class III malocclusion. Several roentgenocephalometric studies on skeletal effects of this therapy are known. However, there are no systematic studies on soft tissue changes. The aim of this study was to analyze three-dimensionally the soft tissue changes in facial morphology of children with cleft lip and palate and Class III malocclusion under therapy with RME and Delaire facemask. Patients and Method: A prospective longitudinal clinical trial was undertaken. 29 children between 4.1 and 6.4 years were divided into four groups: eight patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (group 1), six patients with isolated cleft palate (group 2), eight patients with Class III malocclusion (group 3). The mean treatment period with RME and Delaire mask was 8.2 months. Seven untreated children with no need of orthodontic treatment were chosen as the control (group 4). Two 3D images, one at the beginning and one at the end of the study, were generated with the DSP 400© imaging system. Both images were superimposed ten times and measured ten times. Results: We detected significant forward rotation and forward displacement of the soft tissue in the lower midface with the dentoalveolar areas in all patient groups. No significant asymZusammenfassung Ziel: Die Gaumennahterweiterung (GNE) und Delaire-Maske stellen ein etabliertes Therapieverfahren bei Patienten mit LippenKiefer-Gaumen-(LKG-)Spalten und Klasse-III-Anomalien dar. Viele röntgenkephalometrische Studien zum skelettalen Effekt dieser Therapie liegen vor. Systematische Untersuchungen zu Weichgewebeveränderungen fehlen jedoch. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Weich gewebeveränderungen der Gesichtsmorphologie von Kindern mit Spaltbildungen und Klasse-III-Anomalien unter Therapie mit GNE und Delaire-Maske dreidimensional aufzuzeigen. Patienten und Methodik: Es wurde eine klinische prospektive Longitudinaluntersuchung mit 29 in vier Gruppen eingeteilten Kindern zwischen 4,1 und 6,4 Jahren durchgeführt. Acht Patienten mit einseitiger LKG-Spalte (Gruppe 1), sechs mit isolierter Gaumenspalte (Gruppe 2) und acht mit Klasse-III-Anomalie (Gruppe 3) wurden im Durchschnitt 8,2 Monate mit GNE und Delaire-Maske behandelt und untersucht. Sieben unbehandelte Kinder ohne kieferorthopädischen Behandlungsbedarf dienten als Kontrolle (Gruppe 4). Zwei 3D-Abbildungen, eine zum Untersuchungsbeginn und eine zum Untersuchungsende, wurden mit dem DSP-400©-System generiert, zehnfach überlagert und zehnfach vermessen. Ergebnisse: In allen Gruppen konnte eine signifikante Vorschwenkung und Vorverlagerung des Weichgewebes im unteren Mittelgesicht mit den dento-alveolären Bereichen nachgewiesen werden. Keine signifikante asymmetrische Vorverlagerung der Maxilla, weder im unteren noch im oberen Mittelgesicht, konnte beobachtet werden -auch nicht bei den einseitigen LKG-Spalten. Zwischen den Sade Hoefert C, et al. 3D faziale Weichgewebeveränderungen bei Spaltpatien...

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A three-dimensional soft tissue analysis of 16 skeletal class III patients following bimaxillary surgery

Cited by 113 publications

References 10 publications

Reproducibility and reliability of three-dimensional soft tissue landmark identification using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry

Reproducibility and reliability of three-dimensional soft tissue landmark identification using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry

The influence of involuntary facial movements on craniofacial anthropometry: a survey using a three-dimensional photographic system

3D Soft Tissue Changes in Facial Morphology in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate and Class III Mal occlusion under Therapy with Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Delaire Facemask

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