A three-dimensional image reconstruction algorithm for electrical impedance tomography using planar electrode arrays

Abstract

We present a three-dimensional non-iterative reconstruction algorithm developed for conductivity imaging with real data collected on a planar rectangular array of electrodes. Such an electrode configuration as well as the proposed imaging technique are intended to be used for breast cancer detection. The algorithm is based on linearizing the conductivity about a constant value and allows real-time reconstructions. The performance of the algorithm was tested on numerically simulated data and we successfully detected small inclusions with conductivities three or four times the background lying beneath the data collection surface. The results were fairly stable with respect to the noise level in the data and displayed very good spatial resolution in the plane of electrodes.

Depth Analysis of Planar Array for 3D Electrical Impedance Tomography

“…In this study a traditional neighboring electrode arrangement and a 4 x 4 matrix based electrode set up was used. Excitation pattern and electrode arrangement will have an important impact on quality of images from planar array imaging, as shown in previous similar studies [11], [18]. Such an optimization for electrode arrangement and/or excitation patter can produce overall sensitivity that could enhance the detection depth and other image quality parameters in planar array.…”

“…Following on from that, other clinical applications have also been shown in the last decade, such as in, prostate disease [9], and cervical neoplasia [10]. More recently, H. Perez presented a method for 3D image reconstruction using a novel electrode configuration in the context of breast cancer, where electrodes of current injection and voltage measurement work separately [11] .EIT using planar array is actually different with the conventional ones with electrode bounded the whole region of interest if the domain of interest is infinite (such as ground), and such approach can also termed open domain EIT since all electrodes are placed on one side, which introduces more challenges on image reconstruction. To overcome such an effect, most research approximates it to be an enclosed domain, but this brings error, and a recent study proposed to transform the original open domain into an enclosed 2D circular domain based on Riemann mapping [12].…”

Optimal design of electrodes for functional electrical stimulation applications to single layer isotropic tissues

“…The single layer mathematical modelling and simulations identified the impact of influencing parameters (Gehre et al , 2014; Goffredo et al , 2014; Medina and Grill, 2014; Perez et al , 2017; Tan et al , 2013; Vargas Luna et al , 2015). We perceive the need to improve localisation of the nerve activating field, to allow more selective stimulation, to increase the depth of activation and to enable deeper underlying nerves to be targeted, while minimising peak current density at the skin surface.…”

Focusing Sensor Design for Open Electrical Impedance Tomography Based on Shape Conformal Transformation

“…However, different electrode configurations and data collection patterns will affect the penetration depth of the electric field, thus affecting the spatial resolution and imaging depth of OEIT. Perez et al [16] designed a novel rectangular array of 20 active electrodes to inject the external currents, and 16 passive electrodes to measure the induced voltages. The results showed that this kind of electrode arrangement can avoid problems due to the unknown contact impedance.…”