“…Different kernel offsets emphasize different features within the algae cells (Fig. 8), and it would be natural to imagine combining these types of measurements with algorithms from electrical impedance tomography [12] to generate a 3-D reconstruction of the sample permittivity.…”
This paper presents a 100 × 100 super-resolution integrated sensor array for microscale electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) imaging. The system is implemented in 180 nm CMOS with 10μm × 10μm pixels. Rather than treating each electrode independently, the sensor is designed to measure the mutual capacitance between programmable sets of pixels. Multiple spatially-resolved measurements can then be computationally combined to produce super-resolution impedance images. Experimental measurements of sub-cellular permittivity distributions within single algae cells demonstrate the potential of this new approach.
“…Different kernel offsets emphasize different features within the algae cells (Fig. 8), and it would be natural to imagine combining these types of measurements with algorithms from electrical impedance tomography [12] to generate a 3-D reconstruction of the sample permittivity.…”
This paper presents a 100 × 100 super-resolution integrated sensor array for microscale electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) imaging. The system is implemented in 180 nm CMOS with 10μm × 10μm pixels. Rather than treating each electrode independently, the sensor is designed to measure the mutual capacitance between programmable sets of pixels. Multiple spatially-resolved measurements can then be computationally combined to produce super-resolution impedance images. Experimental measurements of sub-cellular permittivity distributions within single algae cells demonstrate the potential of this new approach.
“…The process of reconstructing conductivity distribution from boundary measurement is defined as the inverse problem of EIT. 32 For small change of conductivity distribution Δσ, the boundary voltage variation ΔU can be simplified and formulated as…”
Section: Modeling Of Eitmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It should be remarked that boundary voltage can be measured while conductivity distribution is generally unknown in real cases. The process of reconstructing conductivity distribution from boundary measurement is defined as the inverse problem of EIT 32 . For small change of conductivity distribution Δ σ , the boundary voltage variation Δ U can be simplified and formulated asBased on finite element method, Equation () is discretized and reformulated aswhere is the discretized difference voltage, stands for sensitivity matrix, which can be obtained by solving forward problem according to Geselowitz's sensitivity theorem, 33 is the discretized difference conductivity, m denotes the number of boundary measurements and n is the pixels number inside Ω.…”
As a potential imaging technique, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is advantageous for reconstructing conductivity distribution. However, due to insufficient measurement, visualization is inevitably an ill-posed inverse problem. Moreover, reconstruction quality is affected by noise. To address these challenges, a novel variational model with an L p -norm as fidelity and a hybrid total variation as penalty (L p -HTV) is proposed for conductivity distribution reconstruction. Iterative reweighted L 1 algorithm transforms the L p -norm to an L 1 -norm and alternating direction method of multipliers is then utilized to solve objective function. Meanwhile, region of interest is defined to enhance robustness to noise and reduce staircase artifact. The performance of the proposed compound method is validated by several cases. Phantom experiments are also conducted. Compared with classic regularization methods, it is found that images reconstructed by the proposed method show large improvement. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy is more competitive in visualizing conductivity distribution.
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