A Systematic Review of Physical Rehabilitation of Facial Palsy

The role of exercise on peripheral nerve regeneration: from animal model to clinical application

“…In cases of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, the result of an irritation, compression, or stretching of the median nerve, exercise and mobilization centred on nerve gliding and soft tissue mobilization, showed poor efficacy to improve symptoms and functional ability [81]. In contrast, Ballestero-P erez et al [82], showed that, although the standard conservative approach represents the best option for the management of carpal tunnel syndrome, the addition of nerve gliding exercises may improve the patient recovery by accelerating the rehabilitation process and avoiding the surgical intervention. In Bell's palsy, an acute disorder of the facial nerve, different physical rehabilitation protocols, based on active therapy, passive therapy or a combination of passive and active methods (e.g., massage/manipulation with active exercise regime), induced an improvement of facial movement and/or function [83].…”

Efektivitas Mirror Therapy Exercise Terhadap Kemampuan Fungsional Wajah Penderita Facial Palsy : Studi Literatur

“…Facial palsy adalah suatu kondisi neurologis yang memengaruhi fungsi motorik wajah, terdiri dari central facial palsy dan peripheral facial palsy. Central facial palsy terjadi akibat kerusakan segmen sentral saraf yaitu lesi pada upper motor neuron (UMN) sedangkan peripheral facial palsy terjadi akibat kerusakan perifer saraf yaitu lesi pada lower motor neuron (LMN) (Bharathi et al, 2019;Vaughan et al, 2020).…”

“…Central facial palsy adalah gejala awal yang umumnya terjadi pada pasien pasca stroke dan cedera neurologis lainnya. Peripheral facial palsy yang belum diketahui penyebabnya (idiopatik) disebut Bell's palsy, merupakan penyebab paling umum yaitu sekitar 75% dari facial palsy (Vaughan et al, 2020;Hassan et al, 2020).…”

“…Central facial palsy menyebabkan defisit fungsional pada wajah yang memengaruhi ekspresi wajah dan dapat ditandai dengan asimetri wajah dan kelemahan hanya pada bagian bawah wajah seperti sudut mulut terkulai, berkurangnya kekuatan dan efisiensi pengunyahan, senyum asimetris dan disartria, sedangkan peripheral facial palsy dapat memengaruhi bagian bawah wajah dan dahi seperti sudut mulut terkulai, garis dahi menghilang, lipatan palpebra melebar, dan lid margin mata tidak tertutup, kantung mata bawah dan punctum jatuh, disertai air mata yang menetes tanpa disadari. Pada penderita facial palsy fungsi saraf wajah terganggu sehingga dapat menyebabkan gangguan aktivitas sehari-hari (Vaughan et al, 2020;Adam, 2019;Chang et al, 2016).…”

Role of Electrical Stimulation Added To Conventional Therapy in Patients With Traumatic Facial Palsy

“…Approximately onethird of patients after stroke continue to present with persisting facial palsy even after six months. In contrast, peripheral facial palsy (PFP) occurs due to injury or damage to extra temporal segments of the facial nerve, for example, in idiopathic "Bell's" palsy, surgery such as mastoidectomy, or inflammation such as herpes zoster (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) (1) .…”